Chapter 15 OCE
True
One characteristic of hydrothermal vent communities is the unusually large size of organisms such as tubeworms and clams. T or F
very high temperature
All of the following are associated with hypersaline seeps except:
the distribution of reef-building corals is greater in the tropics
All of the following are true of corals except:
1
Along a rocky shore, the spray zone is indicated by the number:
sessile animals, nektobenthos, and very few infauna
Benthic animals inhabiting the rocky intertidal environment consist mostly of _________.
True
Coral reefs contain 25% of all known marine species. T or F
True
Coral reefs contain more algal biomass than animal biomass. T or F
C
Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words or phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern. A. buckshot barnacle B. chiton C. hermit crab D. limpet E. periwinkle
True
Hermit crabs are commonly found inhabitants of tide pools. T or F
False
Intertidal zonation across a sediment-covered shore is best seen when the shore is gently sloping. T or F
True
Kelps with air bladders are common along the western and northwestern Pacific coasts of the United States. T or F
primary productivity
The distribution of benthic biomass is related to:
subtidal rocky bottoms
Match the organism with the appropriate habitat. kelp
sandy beahces
Match the organism with the appropriate habitat. sand dollar
high tide zone, supratidal zone
Match the organism with the appropriate zone. Littorina (periwinkle snail)
middle tide zone
Match the organism with the appropriate zone. Mytilus (mussels)
low tide zone
Match the organism with the appropriate zone. Pisaster (sea star)
middle tide zone, tide pool
Match the organism with the appropriate zone. hermit crab
low tide zone
Match the organism with the appropriate zone. sea anemone
Sea urchin
The organism posing the greatest threat to the kelp forest is the _________.
mud flats
Organic matter decomposes most slowly in _________.
two-thirds
Recent studies indicate that the deep biosphere, an environment that exists within the seafloor itself, may account for up to _________ of Earth's total bacterial biomass.
amount of inorganic nutrients in the water
Sewage discharge and fertilizer runoff is detrimental to coral growth because it increases the
True
Some of the more common fauna of sediment-covered shores include bivalve mollusks, annelid worms, and crustaceans. T or F
have planktonic larval forms
Some organisms living in the high water portion of the intertidal zone cannot survive in the supralittoral zone because they:
True
The Crown of Thorns sea star may be increasingly more common because its predators are fish species belonging to populations that have dramatically decreased due to overfishing. T or F
7
The area on a rocky shore inhabited by organisms adapted to withstand wave energy for the majority of the tidal cycle is indicated by the number:
lugworm
The common annelid found in a sandy beach environment is the:
loss of zooxanthellae
The loss of color (coral bleaching) in coral reef organisms can be a result of:
Space
The most important limiting factor in rocky intertidal communities is:
burrowing into the sediment
The most successful adaptation for living on a sediment-covered shore is:
mutualistic symbiosis
The relationship between the protistan zooxanthellae and the polyps of reef-building corals is best described as a/an:
Kelp
The subtidal rocky bottom zone along temperate shorelines is dominated by:
False
The supratidal zone of the rocky shore is the area between the highest high tide and the lowest low tide. T or F
mutualism
The symbiotic relationship between the coral animals and the zooxanthellae is an example of _________.
True
The temperature of the ocean water has a significant effect on species diversity of benthic communities. T or F
hydrocarbon seep
These organisms are inhabitants of a/an. photo of mussels and tubeworms
buckshot barnacles and limpets
Two dominant organisms of the rocky shore found high on the rocks of the intertidal zone are: