Chapter 15 Quiz

Reconstruction Act

1867 law that established temporary military governments in ten Confederate states - except Tennessee - and required that the states ratify the 14th Amendment and permit freedmen to vote

Tenure of Office Act

1867 law that required the president to obtain Senate approval to remove any official whose appointment had also required Senate approval; President Johnson's violation of the law resulted in firing of Secretary of War Edwin Stanton - led to Johnson's impeachment

Fourteenth Amendment

1868 constitutional amendment that guaranteed rights of citizenship to former slaves, in words similar to those of the Civil Rights Act of 1866

Civil Rights Bill of 1866

Along with the 14th amendment, legislation that guaranteed the rights of citizenship to former slaves

15th Amendment

Amendment in 1870, which prohibited states from discriminating in voting privileges on the basis of race

Upon Lincoln's assasination, who became President?

Andrew Johnson

Who among the following was not a leader of the Radical Republicans?

Andrew Johnson

impeachment

Bringing charges against a public official 2 presidents have been impeached and tried: neither was convicted: Johnson and Bill Clinton

crop lien

Credit extended by merchants to tenants based on their future crops, under this system, high interest rates and the uncertainties of farming often led to inescapable debts.

Bargain of 1877

Deal made by Republican and Democratic special congressional commission to resolve the disputed presidential election of 1876; Republican Rutherford B. Hayes, who had lost the popular vote, was declared the winner in exchange for the withdrawal of federal troops from involvement in politics in the South, marking the end of Reconstruction

The 1865 agency responsible for the attempt to establish a working free labor system was called the..

Freedmen's Bureau

Ku Klux Klan

Group organized in Tennessee in 1866 - to terrorize former slaves who voted and held political offices during Reconstruction - stressed white, fundamentalist Protestant supremacy

Black Codes

Laws passed from 1865 to 1866 in southern states to restrict the rights of former slaves, to nullify the codes, Congress passed the Civil Rights Act of 1866 and the 14th Amendment

Redeemers

Post-Civil War Democratic leaders who supposedly saved the South from Yankee domination and preserved the primarily economy

the Freedmen's Bureau

Reconstruction agency established in 1865 to protect the legal rights of former slaves and to assist with their education, jobs, health care, and landowning

scalawags

Southern white Republicans - some former Unionists - who supported Reconstruction governments

Which of the following series of events is listed in proper sequence?

Tenure of Office Act; impeachment of Johnson, election of Grant

Which was not true of Liberal Republicans in the post-Civil War era?

They believed the growth of federal power needed to be expanded

The struggles over land and labor united the postemancipation experience in many countries, yet this one aspect made the US unique..

Within two years after the end of slavery, black males were given the right to vote

Which of the following was not a major cause of the decline of Reconstruction?

a deepening of mutual respect between black and white southerners, making Reconstruction seem no longer necessary

a "carpetbagger" is...

a northerner who settled in the South after the war.

In the summer of 1865, President Andrew Johnson ordered nearly all land in federal hands...

be returned to its former owners

the Enforcement Acts of 1870 and 1871..

defined crimes that deprived citizens of their civil and political rights as federal offenses, and under these laws President Grant sent federal marshals to arrest hundreds of accused Klansmen

carpetbaggers

derisive term for northern emigrants who participated in the Republican governments of the Reconstruction South.

the Reconstruction Act of March 1867...

divided the South into five military districts and called for creation of new state governments, with black men given the right to vote.

One of the main purposes of the Freedmen's Bureau was to...

ensure a fair a viable system of labor relations between former slaves and former slaveholders.

In the five years following the end of the Civil War, former slaves were guaranteed the following in three amendments to the US Constitution:

freedom from slavery; recognition as citizens; and the vote for adult black men

Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony opposed the 15th Amendment because...

it did not enfranchise women

Civil Rights Act of 1875

last piece of Reconstruction legislation, which outlawed racial discrimination in places of public accommodation such as hotels and theaters. Many parts of it were ruled unconstitutional by the Supreme Court in 1883

the Black Codes were...

laws that sought to regulate the lives of former slaves

In President Andrew Johnson's view, African-Americans ought to play what part in Reconstruction?

none

In consequence of the "Bargain of 1877," President Rutherford B. Hayes...

ordered federal troops to stop guarding the state houses in Louisiana and South Carolina

Many women saw the opportunity to insert their issues into the reforming nation. Their immediate main concerns were all of the following except...

outlawing the sale and manufacture of liquor

Before the Civil War, American citizenship had been closely linked to...

race

Which was not a principal task of the Freedmen's Bureau (1865 - 1870)?

support black churches and businesses

The House of Representative approved articles of impeachment against President Andrew Johnson for violation of what law?

the Tenure of Office Act

Radical Republicans in the Reconstruction era shared the view that...

the Union victory created a golden opportunity to institutionalize the principle of equal rights for all, regardless of race

Which were central elements in the lives of postemancipation blacks in the twenty years following the end of the Civil War?

the family, the church, the school

In a society that had made political participation a core element of freedom, this activity became central to the former slaves' desire for empowerment and equality...

the right to vote

Enforcement Acts

three laws that tried to eliminate the KKK by outlawing it and other terrorist societies; allowed the president to deploy the use of the army

sharecropping

type of farm tenancy that developed after the Civil War in which landless workers - often former slaves - farmed land in exchange for farm supplies and a share of the crop

Black Americans who refused to sign labor contracts to work for whites during Reconstruction...

were often convicted of vagrancy and fined; sometimes they were then auctioned off to work for the person who paid the fine.