Chapter 17 - Knowledge Test Questions

Endocrine glands ________. A. secrete chemical messengers that travel in the bloodstream B. include sebaceous glands and sweat glands C. release neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft D. secrete hormones that travel through a duct to the target organs

A

The posterior pituitary gland secretes A. ADH. B. ACTH. C. TSH. D. FSH.

A

The process by which glycogen is broken down to produce glucose is called ______. A. glycogenolysis B. lipolysis C. hypoglycemic D. gluconeogenesis

A

Which of the following hormones contributes to the regulation of the body's fluid and electrolyte balance? A. ADH B. LH C. ACTH D. all of the above

A

A newly developed pesticide has been observed to bind to an intracellular hormone receptor. If ingested, residue from this pesticide could disrupt levels of ________. A. melatonin B. thyroid hormone C. growth hormone D. insulin

B

How many hormones are produced by the posterior pituitary? A. 1 B. 0 C. 2 D. 6

B

If an autoimmune disorder targets the alpha cells, production of which hormone would be directly affected? A. somatostatin B. glucagon C. insulin D. pancreatic polypeptide

B

Steroid hormones A. remain in circulation for relatively short periods of time. B. bind to receptors in the nucleus of their target cells. C. are proteins. D. cannot diffuse through cell membranes

B

The ________ secretes growth hormone, which is also known as somatotropin. A. posterior pituitary B. anterior pituitary C. hypothalamus D. thymus

B

The secretion of thyroid hormones is controlled by ________. A. thyroglobulin from the thyroid's parafollicular cells B. TSH from the anterior pituitary C. thyroxine from the anterior pituitary D. TSH from the hypothalamus

B

Which of the following can result from hyperparathyroidism? A. convulsions B. fractures C. increased bone deposition D. hyperactivity

B

Which of the following is true regarding endocrine glands? A. They have an unusually low density of blood capillaries. B. They release their secretions into the blood. C. They secrete their products by way of ducts. D. Their secretions may be released onto the body surface.

B

Which of the following molecules is an example of a 2nd Messenger? A. H2O B. cAMP C. pLU D. ACh

B

Which of the following responses is not part of the fight-or-flight response? A. increased oxygen supply to the lungs B. reduced mental activity C. pupil dilation D. suppressed digestion

B

Target organs most often regulate the pituitary gland via ________. A. positive feedback inhibition B. up-regulation C. negative feedback inhibition D. down-regulation

C

The hypothalamus is functionally and anatomically connected to the posterior pituitary lobe by a bridge of ________. A. blood vessels B. cartilage C. nerve axons D. bone

C

The process by which more hormone receptors are inserted into the plasma membrane leading to a more robust cellular response is called _____? A. resistance B. tolerance C. up-regulation D. down-regulation

C

When blood calcium levels are low, PTH stimulates ________. A. urinary excretion of calcium by the kidneys B. the activity of osteoblasts C. the activity of osteoclasts D. a reduction in calcium absorption from the intestines

C

Which category of Hormone is lipophilic, which means it is able to freely diffuse across the cell membrane? A. Monoamine B. Catecholamine C. Steroid D. Protein

C

Which of the following refers to a series of capillary beds that allows the hypothalamus to communicate with the anterior pituitary gland A. Neurohypophysis B. Adenohypophysis C. Hypophyseal Portal System D. Hypothalamo-hypophyseal tract

C

A small molecule binds to a G protein, preventing its activation. What direct effect will this have on signaling that involves cAMP? A. The phosphorylation cascade will be initiated B. The hormone will not be able to bind to the hormone receptor C. Excessive quantities of cAMP will be produced D. Adenylyl cyclase will not be activated.

D

The adrenal glands are attached superiorly to which organ? A. liver B. thyroid C. hypothalamus D. kidneys

D

Which of the following is an anterior pituitary hormone? A. oxytocin B. ADH C. cortisol D. TSH

D