Chapter 17 Public Speaking

Establishing common ground with an audience is especially important in the conclusion of a persuasive speech

False

The credibility of a speaker before he or she starts to speak is called derived credibility

False

Emotional appeals

Appeals intended to evoke sadness, anger, happiness, pride, etc. Aristotle called this pathos

Credibility

Credibility is the audience's attitude toward or perception of the speaker. Aristotle called this Ethos.

The slippery slope fallacy assumes that because something is popular, it is therefore good, correct, or desirable

False

When you reason from specific instances in a speech you move from a general example in a specific conclusion

False

When you use causal reasoning in a persuasive speech you seek to establish relationship between a general principle and a specific conclusion

False

types of fallacies

Hasty generalization, false cause, invalid analogy, red herring, ad hominem, either-or, bandwagon, slippery slope

Arguments guilty of the ad hominem fallacy attack the person rather than dealing with the real issue in dispute

True

Because it moves from a general principle to a specific conclusion, reasoning from principle is the opposite of reasoning from specific instances.

True

Research indicates that evidence is usually more persuasive when it is stated in specific rather than general terms

True

Terminal credibility of the speaker at the end of the speech

True

what many teachers refer to as source credibility was called ethos by Aristotle

True

fallacies

errors in reasoning

Evidence

made of statistics, examples, testimony, facts-not opinions

Reasoning

the process of drawing a conclusion based on evidence. Aristotle called this logos.