Chapter 17: The Endocrine System

True or False: Melatonin does not produce an antioxidant effect

False

True or False: Adenylyl cyclase is a membrane enzyme

True

True or False: Melatonin is produced by the pineal gland

True

Iodide ions cross the bloodstream into follicle cells via ______________.

active transport

What hormone contributes to the regulation of the body's fluid and electrolyte balance?

antidiuretic hormone

What can be a result of hyperparathyroidism?

fractures

What statements about the thyroid gland are true?

it manufactures three hormones, the parathyroid gland is embedded within it, and it is located anterior the trachea and inferior to the larynx

The adrenal glands are attached superiorly to which organ?

kidneys

They hypothalamus is functionally and anatomically connected to the posterior pituitary lobe by a bridge of ______________.

nerve axons

Chemical signaling that affects neighboring cells is called _______________.

paracrine

What cells secrete melatonin?

pinealocytes

The gonads produce what class of hormones?

steroid hormones

When blood calcium levels are low, PTH stimulates ________________.

the activity of osteoclasts

A newly developed pesticide has been observed to bind to an intracellular hormone receptor. If ingested, residue from this pesticide could disrupt levels of __________.

thyroid hormone

True or False: The plasma membrane is hydrophilic.

False

True or False: cAMP forms outside the cell

False

What is an example of an anterior pituitary hormone?

TSH

The secretion of thyroid hormones is controlled by _______________.

TSH from the anterior pituitary

Endocrine glands _____________.

secrete chemical messengers that travel in the bloodstream

The development of a goiter indicates that ___________________.

there is an excessive accumulation of colloid in the thyroid follicles