Chapter 18: Foam Fire Fighting, Liquid Fires, Gas Fires

High-quality foam bubbles are created through the process of: 872 a. Aeration b. Expansion c. Separation d. Saponification

a. Aeration

What is a BLEVE? 885-886 a. Catastrophic failure of a pressurized vessel b. Type of pressurized vessel used to transport propane c. Extinguishing agent used to put out fires involving LPG d. Flame impingement on a vessel containing combustible gas

a. Catastrophic failure of a pressurized vessel

Which statement describes the valve control on pressurized vessels? 885 a. Closing the valve without understanding the system can be very dangerous b. Butterfly valves have a sing marking whether they are open or closed c. Closing the valve is never a safe option when trying to contain a leak in a pressurized vessel d. Pumping systems are required to be marked so that FF can easily judge the safety of closing the valve

a. Closing the valve without understanding the system can be very dangerous

Which method of foam proportioning involves drawing foam concentrate through a hose into the water stream using the Venturi Effect? 877 a. Eduction b. Injection c. Premixing d. Batch mixing

a. Eduction

An advantage of _____ is that they are widely available on most fire apparatus. 880 a. Fog nozzles b. Foam nozzles c. Apparatus mounted proportioners d. Compressed air foam systems (CAFS)

a. Fog nozzles

At a bulk transport incident, firefighters must: 887 a. Identify the material involved b. Retreat until hazmat team arrives c. Shut down all lanes of traffic around the incident d. Continually apply water to the vessel to keep it cool

a. Identify the material involved

Which type of foam proportioner is directly attached to the pump panel outlet or connected at some point in the hose lay? 878 a. In line eductor b. Foam nozzle eductor c. Apparatus mounted proportioner d. Compressed air foam system (CAFS)

a. In line eductor

1. Which method of foam application is only suitable for use on a pool of liquid fuel on open ground? 882 a. Roll-on method b. Rain-down method c. Bank-Down method d. Over-under method

a. Roll-on method

At an incident involving a gas distribution system, if the gas is burning: 889 a. The flame should not be extinguished b. FF should approach from downwind c. Water should be applied to the leak until a Hazmat team arrives d. Foam should be applied in copious amounts in order to reach extinguishment

a. The flame should not be extinguished

Why are propane tanks an extreme risk to firefighters? 885 a. The tanks will explode when sufficiently heated b. Propane is more likely to leak than other gaseous fuels c. Leaking propane creates a dense colored cloud that is difficult to see through d. The tanks are under pressure, so they can create excess heat and cause burns when they are touched

a. The tanks will explode when sufficiently heated

Which is true of polar solvent fuels? 874 a. They are flammable liquids that mix readily with water b. Gasoline is the most common example of polar solvent c. Fires involving polar solvents can be extinguished with class B foams d. Fires involving polar solvents can be extinguished with class A foams

a. They are flammable liquids that mix readily with water

Which action should be avoided during an incident involving a tanker carrying flammable fuels? 887 a. Using road flares b. Using fire fighting foam c. Applying water from victim protection d. Allowing a lane of traffic to remain open

a. Using road flares

In order to prevent reignition of a liquid fuel fire after foam has been applied, do NOT: 889 a. Apply more foam than necessary for extinguishment b. Apply a solid or straight stream of water to the foam blanket c. Add any more foam after the surface has been covered once d. Let the foam sit out for more than 5-10 minutes without replenishing

b. Apply a solid or straight stream of water to the foam blanket

What action should be taken if a pressurized vessel containing flammable gas is exposed to flames? 888 a. Apply a fog stream of water b. Apply a solid stream of water c. Apply foam using the roll on method d. Apply foam using the bank down method

b. Apply a solid stream of water

Which type of foam is used to extinguish fires involving flammable and combustible liquids? 874 a. Class A foam b. Class B foam c. Class C foam d. Class D foam

b. Class B foam

Which type of liquid fuels have a flash point of less than 100F(38C)? 883 a. Toxic liquids b. Flammable liquids c. Pressurized liquids d. Combustible liquids

b. Flammable liquids

Which type of substances have a flash point less than 100F(38C)? 883 a. Surfactants b. Flammable liquids c. Combustible gases d. Combustible liquids

b. Flammable liquids

What is needed to create finished foam? 872 a. Foam solution, water, and agitation b. Foam concentrate, water, and aeration c. Foam solution, water, and a protein additive d. Foam concentrate, foam solution, and aeration

b. Foam concentrate, water, and aeration

Which type of foam proportioner can compromise firefighter safety by slowing firefighters down since it requires the concentrate to be available where the nozzle is being operated? 878-879 a. In line eductor b. Foam nozzle eductor c. Apparatus mounted proportioner d. Compressed air foam system (CAFS)

b. Foam nozzle eductor

Class B foams are especially effective on: 872 a. Surfactants b. Hydrocarbon fuels c. Ordinary combustibles d. Energized electrical equipment

b. Hydrocarbon fuels

At an incident involving flammable liquids or gases, firefighters should immediately retreat to a safe location uphill and upwind of the incident: 889 a. Once the hazmat team arrives b. If the sound of escaping gas starts to get louder c. Once a foam blanket completely covers the burning material d. If they realize that the leak is coming from the distribution system

b. If the sound of escaping gas starts to get louder

Which method of foam proportioning involves using an external pump to force foam concentrate into the fire stream? 877 a. Eduction b. Injection c. Premixing d. Batch mixing

b. Injection

Fog nozzles can be used with foam solution to produce: 880 a. Low-expansion, long-lasting foam b. Low-expansion, short-lasting foam c. High-expansion, long-lasting foam d. High-expansion, short-lasting foam

b. Low-expansion, short-lasting foam

Which is a hazard associated with foam concentrates? 875 a. Sweating and chills b. Mild skin and eye irritation c. Skin blistering and cracking d. Shock and loss of consciousness

b. Mild skin and eye irritation

Propane is odorless and flammable, so at a response to a reported leak, firefighters should: 884 a. Repair the propane leak b. Notify the propane company c. Isolate the pressure vessel system d. Test the stability of the leaking vessel

b. Notify the propane company

If a large pool of flammable liquid is burning in an open area, the _____ method of foam application may be the most effective method to use. 883 a. Roll-on b. Rain-down c. Bank-down d. Spread-across

b. Rain-down

Which extinguishment method involves foam creating a barrier between the fuel gasses and any possible ignition sources? 871 a. Cooling b. Separating c. Smothering d. Penetrating

b. Separating

When approaching a fire involving a pressurized flammable gas: 888 a. It is safest to approach from uphill and upwind b. There is no angle from which it is safest to approach c. It is safest to approach it facing the end of the vessel d. It is safest to approach it facing the broadest side of the vessel

b. There is no angle from which it is safest to approach

Which statement accurately describes pressurized vessels? 884 a. They are color coded so responders can easily identify contents b. They should be marked with placards or stickers identifying the contents c. They must have hatches or manholes for easy access to the contents d. They will look the same as vessels used to transport or contain flammable liquids

b. They should be marked with placards or stickers identifying the contents

Because of environmental concerns about fire fighting foam, firefighters should: 876 a. Use foam only as the last option of extinguishment b. Try to prevent the foam from entering bodies of water c. Not use foam near bodies of water or public water source d. Have a hazmat team on standby

b. Try to prevent the foam from entering bodies of water

The premixing method of foam proportioning is typically used with: 878 a. In line eductor b. Vehicle-mounted tank systems c. Fog nozzles attached to large hoseline d. A fixed fire protection system in a structure

b. Vehicle-mounted tank systems

Which factor is important when selecting the appropriate foam proportioner to use? 876 a. Weather conditions b. Terrain in the fire area c. Available water pressure d. Stage of fire development

c. Available water pressure

Which method of foam application involves applying a foam stream onto an object and allowing the foam to run down the object onto the surface of the fuel? 882 a. Roll-on method b. Rain-down method c. Bank-Down method d. Over-under method

c. Bank-Down method

Which method of foam application would be well suited for a flammable liquid spill near the exterior wall of a building? 882 a. Roll-on method b. Rain-down method c. Bank-Down method d. Over-under method

c. Bank-Down method

In which type of situation would firefighters use a bill of lading or manifest to determine what type of flammable material is involved? 887 a. BLEVE b. LPG tank rupture c. Bulk transport fire d. Fuel leak at a structure

c. Bulk transport fire

If the foam being produced is poor quality, the firefighter should: 881 a. Use a longer hose lay to provide less friction loss b. Close the nozzle slightly to reduce the amount of water flow c. Check to make sure there are no air leaks in the proportioning device d. Move the nozzle farther above the eductor to reduce elevation pressure

c. Check to make sure there are no air leaks in the proportioning device

What is necessary when applying fire fighting foam? 874 a. A vapor protective suit and SCBA b. A hazmat team standing by c. Continued, uninterrupted application until extinguishment d. Intermittent application breaks to allow foam to settle

c. Continued, uninterrupted application until extinguishment

Any valve operation must be performed in coordination with: 885 a. Ventilation efforts b. Salvage and overhaul c. Facility personnel supervision d. HAZMAT team leader

c. Facility personnel supervision

Which is an appropriate safe action to take at an incident involving a BLEVE? 886 a. Apply fire fighting foam at close range b. Approach the vessel at the ends of the tank c. Fight fire from the maximum distance possible d. Attempt to open the vessels pressure relief valve

c. Fight fire from the maximum distance possible

In order to create high-quality foam: 872 a. A fog nozzle must be used b. A foam nozzle must be used c. Foam concentrate, water, and air must be mixed in the correct ratio d. Foam solution and water must be premixed and allowed to rest before application

c. Foam concentrate, water, and air must be mixed in the correct ratio

Which type of nozzle produces high quality foam by inducting air into the foam solution using the Venturi Effect? 881 a. Fog nozzle b. CAFS nozzle c. Foam nozzle d. Smooth bore nozzle

c. Foam nozzle

Class A foam acts as a surfactant, which means that it: 874 a. Requires a special type of nozzle for application b. Requires a special type of aeration to be formed c. Lowers the surface tension of water, allowing better penetration into the fuel d. Raises the surface tension of water, creating more effective extinguishing agent

c. Lowers the surface tension of water, allowing better penetration into the fuel

What is a disadvantage of using fog nozzles to apply fire fighting foam? 880 a. They are not as versatile as foam nozzles b. They provide a limited reach compared to other nozzles c. Operator error is more likely to produce lower quality foam d. They are specialty nozzles that are not widely available on most apparatus

c. Operator error is more likely to produce lower quality foam

What should firefighters do if the fire begins to spread uncontrollably when they are applying foam? 883 a. Apply greater quantity of foam b. Switch to a different extinguishing agent c. Retreat to a safe location while using handlines for protection d. Move to a different location around the fire while using portable extinguishers for protection

c. Retreat to a safe location while using handlines for protection

When fire fighting foam extinguishes by _____, it prevents air from reaching the fuel and prevents release of flammable vapors. 871 a. Cooling b. Separating c. Smothering d. Penetrating

c. Smothering

Most fire fighting foams are intended to be mixed with: 876 a. 30 to 60 percent water b. 50 to 75.9 percent water c. 80 to 90 percent water d. 94 to 99.9 percent water

d. 94 to 99.9 percent water

The amount that fire fighting foam expands depends on the type of foam concentrate used and: 873 a. The number of personnel working the proportioner b. Whether the water is from a static or pressurized source c. Whether potable or non potable water is used in the solution d. Accurate proportioning of the foam concentrate in the solution

d. Accurate proportioning of the foam concentrate in the solution

A(an) _____ is mounted on an apparatus and uses a centrifugal pump to supply the water for the foam solution and an onboard air compressor to add air to the mixture before discharge. 879 a. In line eductor b. Around the pump proportioner c. Balanced pressure proportioner d. Compressed air foam system (CAFS)

d. Compressed air foam system (CAFS)

Which hazard is associated with fire fighting foam concentrate? 875 a. Frostbite if foam contacts unprotected skin b. Nausea and fever if foam contacts skin c. Widespread negative environmental effects d. Degradation of PPE if left on the garments for a long period of time

d. Degradation of PPE if left on the garments for a long period of time

What does a foam proportioner do? 878 a. Check the quality of the finished foam b. Tests whether the foam concentrate is the appropriate type c. Adds air to the foam solution to help the foam expand at the correct rate d. Introduces the appropriate amount of foam concentrate into the water to form a foam solution

d. Introduces the appropriate amount of foam concentrate into the water to form a foam solution

What is likely to cause poor quality fire fighting foam to be produced? 882 a. Nozzle is fully opened b. Nozzle is too far below the eductor c. Hose lay on the eductor side is not long enough d. Mixing different types of foam concentrates in the same tank

d. Mixing different types of foam concentrates in the same tank

What is an advantage of using a foam nozzle to apply fire fighting foam? 881 a. More versatile than a fog nozzle b. Longer reach than other nozzles c. More widely available than a fog nozzle d. Produces higher quality foam than a fog nozzle

d. Produces higher quality foam than a fog nozzle

Mixing water with foam concentrate to form a foam solution is referred to as: 876 a. Aerating b. Surfacting c. Saponifying d. Proportioning

d. Proportioning

Which is a characteristic of foam nozzles? 881 a. Lower quality foam than fog nozzles b. Longer stream reach than fog nozzles c. More versatile overall than fog nozzles d. Shorter stream reach than fog nozzles

d. Shorter stream reach than fog nozzles

What happens when a BLEVE occurs? 886 a. Contained water supply b. Failure of post indicator valve c. Adds air to the foam solution to help foam expand at correct rate d. Violent rupture of a pressurized container

d. Violent rupture of a pressurized container

At an incident involving a flammable gas fire, firefighters should retreat to a safe location: 889 a. After mutual aid arrives b. As soon as a safe haven is identified c. When the gas ignites and flames engulf the container d. When the sound of gas escaping the relief valve gets louder

d. When the sound of gas escaping the relief valve gets louder

The rate of application for Class B foam depends on: 874 a. The location of the fuel spill b. Whether or no the fuel is surfactant c. The type of water used to proportion the foam d. Whether the fuel is spilled or contained in a tank

d. Whether the fuel is spilled or contained in a tank