Chapter 19 Quiz

Which of the following is NOT a greenhouse gas? A) Carbon dioxide B) Water vapor C) Methane D) Nitrous oxide E) Nitrogen

E

Carbon sequestration . . . A) Is a process to remove CO₂ from the atmosphere B) Is a method for preventing carbon emissions from landfills C) Causes increased coral bleaching D) Is a method for emissions reduction that focuses on improved efficiency E) Is the release of carbon from soils due to warming

A

Global warming might limit the availability of fresh water in many areas because of . . . A) Melting glaciers B) Increased sea level C) Thawing permafrost D) More frequent heat waves E) Changes in storm intensity

A

Methane is naturally produced by . . . A) Decomposition B) Volcanic eruptions C) Denitrification D) Evapotranspiration E) Forest fires

A

The greenhouse effect is due to . . . A) The absorption and reradiating of infrared radiation by the atmosphere B) The reflection of ultraviolet radiation by the atmosphere C) The absorption of ultraviolet radiation by the atmosphere D) The reflection of infrared radiation from Earth's surface E) The absorption of ultraviolet radiation by Earth

A

What is the evidence that solar radiation is less important to global warming than the increase in greenhouse gases? A) Temperatures have increased more in the summer than the winter B) Temperatures have increased more in the winter than the summer C) Temperature increases have been uneven across the globe D) There is a historic correlation of CO₂ and temperature E) There is a lack of temperature change in some areas

A

Which greenhouse gas is NOT correctly one of its sources? A) Nitrous Oxide: Landfills B) Methane: Termites C) Water Vapor: Evaporation D) Nitrous Oxide: Automobiles E) CO₂: Deforestation

A

Which of the following activities causes a cooling of Earth? A) Volcanic eruptions B) Emissions of anthropogenic greenhouse gases C) Evaporation of water vapor D) Combustion of fossil fuels E) Deforestation

A

In 1997 the United States did not ratify the Kyoto Protocol because . . . A) It required the same emission reductions from all signatories B) It did not limit the emissions of developing nations C) The predictions regarding the severity of climate change were too uncertain D) Current technology was unable to meet the required goals E) The target emission reductions were seen as impossible to achieve

B

Many nitrous oxide emissions are from . . . A) Fossil fuel combustion B) Agricultural practices C) Refrigerants D) Deforestation E) Industrial processes

B

Which data are used to estimate historic temperatures and carbon dioxide concentrations? I. Marine organism fossils II. Air trapped in ice III. Glacier depth A) I only B) I and II only C) I and III only D) II and III only E) I, II, and III

B

How much has the average global temperature increased in the last 120 years? A) 0.6° F B) 1.0° F C) 1.4° F D) 2.7° F E) 3.2° F

C

Which is a true statement about feedback loops that occur with climate change? A) All feedback loops are positive B) All feedback loops are negative C) Increased soil decomposition under warmer temperatures represents a positive feedback loop D) Increased evaporation under warmer temperatures represents a negative feedback loop E) Increased plant growth under higher CO₂ concentrations represents a positive feedback loop

C

Which statement about global warming is true? A) The planet is not warming B) The planet is warming but humans have not played a role C) The planet has had many periods of warming and cooling in the past D) Greenhouse gases compose only a small fraction of the atmosphere, so they cannot be important in causing global warming E) Small increases in average global temperatures are not likely to affect polar bears

C

Which statement regarding the Kyoto Protocol is true? A) All nations agreed to reduce their emission of greenhouse gases B) All nations agreed to stop emitting greenhouse gases C) Developed nations agreed to different levels of emission reductions D) Developing nations agreed to reduce their emission of greenhouse gases E) Developing nations agreed to stop their emission of greenhouse gases

C

Effects of climate change on organisms include all of the following except . . . A) Increased growing seasons B) Disruption of animal life cycles C) Coral bleaching D) Decreased species ranges in temperate areas E) Increased dispersal of plants and animals

D

If the annual rate of CO₂ increase is 1.5 ppm and the concentration in 2010 is 390 ppm, what concentration would you expect in 2100? A) 420 ppm B) 480 ppm C) 505 ppm D) 525 ppm E) 540 ppm

D

In regard to the greenhouse effect, which statement is NOT true? A) Ultraviolet and visible radiation are converted to infrared radiation at the surface of Earth B) Approximately one-third of the radon of the Sun does not enter the atmosphere of Earth C) Infrared radiation is absorbed by greenhouse gases D) Greenhouse gases were not historically present in the atmosphere E) Ultraviolet radiation is absorbed by ozone

D

The greenhouse gas with the highest greenhouse warming potential is . . . A) Carbon dioxide B) Methane C) Water vapor D) Chlorofluorocarbon E) Nitrous oxide

D

What is NOT a potential negative effect of climate change on agriculture? A) Increased range of pests B) Increased risk of droughts C) Increased damage from severe weather events D) Increased rates of photosynthesis E) Decreased growing season in western Europe

D

Which predicted consequence of global warming has not yet occurred? A) Melting ice caps B) Rising sea levels C) Melting permafrost D) Shutting down the thermohaline circulation of ocean E) Altered breeding times and flowering times of animals and plants

D

How might climate change increase the range of pests? A) Higher intensity weather events B) Changing precipitation patterns C) Increasing number of heat waves D) Disruption of oceanic currents E) Decreased duration of cold spells

E

Of the following factors, which are important when considering the effect of a greenhouse gas on global warming? I. The amount of infrared radiation the gas can absorb II. How long the gas remains in the atmosphere III. The concentration of the gas in the atmosphere A) I B) I and II C) I and III D) II and III E) I, II, and III

E

Particulate matter can increase global warming by . . . A) Reacting with chlorofluorocarbons B) Reducing surface absorption of ultraviolet radiation C) Producing additional nitrous oxides D) Reflecting radiation E) Lowering surface albedo

E

Which is an example of a negative feedback? A) Higher air temperatures cause increased ocean evaporation B) Higher air temperatures cause increased decomposition in soils C) Lower concentrations of CO₂ cause increased absorption of oceanic CO₂ D) Low albedo causes decreased reflection of sunlight E) Higher CO₂ concentrations cause increased photosynthesis

E

Which sources of data have been used to assess changes in global CO₂ and temperature? I. Air bubbles in ice cores from glaciers II. Thermometers placed around the globe III. CO₂ sensors placed around the globe A) I B) I and II C) I and III D) II and III E) I, II, and III

E