Chapter 2

Fortis Healthcare Ltd. bought 10 private hospitals in India from Wockhardt Hospitals Ltd. The purchase expands Fortis' operations in India. What was Fortis hoping to gain by the interaction of these new businesses and its existing business? a. Synergy b. Closed system inversion c. Entropy d. Subsystem enhancement e. Open system conversion

A. synergy

When one firm buys out another because it is thought that the two firms will complement each other in such a way that the output of the combined firms will be greater than the sum of the current individual outputs of the two companies, the managers are counting on a. synergy. b. closed system inversion. c. entropy. d. subsystem enhancement. e. open system conversion.

A. synergy

Dr. Weaver is one of two emergency room physicians in charge of the staff. A patient observed that Dr. Weaver acted like a Theory X manager. That would mean that Dr. Weaver believes a. that people prefer to be directed. b. in the contingency approach to management. c. in the importance of TQM. d. that people are committed to goals. e. that people naturally seek out work.

A. that people prefer to be directed

To obtain greater flexibility and to respond more quickly to the environment, organizations are adopting

B. flat structures

Chester Barnard, former president of New Jersey Bell Telephone Company, made notable contributions to management regarding a. individual job efficiency. b. legitimate authority. c. management processes. d. dynamic organizations. e. individual rights and liberties.

B. legitimate authority

The ____ stresses the importance of environmental influences on the organization. a. quantitative management theory b. open system concept c. behavioral management theory d. human relations movement e. concept of synergy

B. open system concept

The use of a Gantt chart to schedule workers' duties, breaks, and lunches at a day-care center is an application of one of the principles associated with a. the classical perspective. b. scientific management. c. management science. d. the contingency theory. e. administrative management.

B. scientific management

Scientific management evolved at the dawn of the twentieth century because a. labor was in abundant supply. b. worker efficiency was low. c. capital was in short supply. d. information was rapidly changing. e. piecework pay systems were not working.

B. worker efficiency was low

The theory based on the idea that the best managerial actions in a given situation depend on the elements of that situation is known as a. the equifinality theory. b. Theory X and Y. c. the contingency approach. d. the systems theory. e. quantitative management.

C. the contingency approach

Elton Mayo conducted experiments at Western Electric's Hawthorne plant from 1927-1932. He discovered that a. peer pressure improved production. b. unions control worker production. c. rate busters don't make their quota. d. social pressure was more important than financial incentive. e. chiselers assisted low producers.

D. social pressure was more important than financial incentive

Why is quality an important management issue? a. Quality can be used as a basis for competition. b. Enhancing quality lowers costs. c. Improving quality tends to increase productivity. d. Making higher-quality products generally results in less waste. e. All of these choices

E. All of these choices

Bill and his friends wanted to start their own house painting business. It was decided that to differentiate their services from others, they would break down the various jobs associated with painting; landscape protection, equipment preparation, trim, main body, and clean-up, and each would specialize. With which of the following management approaches do their actions most agree? a. Management science b. Contingency theory c. Administrative management d. The bureaucratic perspective e. Scientific management

E. Scientific management

Rolf is in the business of making crowns, bridges, and dentures that dentists use to repair teeth. It is a highly competitive business, and Rolf has decided that to improve his business he needs to improve the efficiency with which he produces the dental work. Which of the following management approaches would be of most help to Rolf in pursuing this goal? a. Management science b. Contingency theory c. Administrative management d. The bureaucratic perspective e. Scientific management

E. Scientific management

Which of the following statements most correctly describes the early practice of management? a. The practice of management dates back about 100 years. b. Early economists were concerned with managerial efficiency and effectiveness. c. By 1900, most organizations were large. d. Survival was not an issue in most organizations before 1900. e. The scientific study of management as a field of inquiry dates back to the nineteenth century.

E. The scientific study of management as a field of inquiry dates back to the nineteenth century

Which of the following historical books did not influence management? a. The Second World War b. Iliad c. The Prince d. Republic e. War and Peace

E. War and Peace

Which of the following does the text describe as a contemporary management challenge? a. Managing diversity b. Erratic economy c. Employee privacy d. Technology e. All of these choices

E. all of these choices

Contributions of the behavioral management perspective include all of the following EXCEPT

E. challenged the complexity of individual behavior and made predictions of that behavior

Bill Bingaman was overheard telling one of his friends, "You always think the way to solve a problem is to develop a math model that is supposed to represent the situation. It just doesn't work that way. You have to use your head and try different approaches under different circumstances." What management theory is Bingaman advocating? a. Systems theory b. Organizational behavior c. Administrative management d. Quantitative management e. Contingency theory

E. contingency theory

Information is readily available on the Internet. Then number of people subscribing to print media is shrinking. This decline is an example of a. closed system inversion. b. open system thinking. c. synergy. d. subsystem failure. e. entropy.

E. entropy

What are the two branches of quantitative management? a. Scientific management and administrative management b. Theory X and Theory Y c. Contingency theory and systems theory d. Human relations and organizational behavior e. Management science and operations management

E. management science and operations management

A Gantt chart is a a. listing of the steps required to complete a job. b. method for developing employee wage systems. c. device used in doing time and motion studies. d. checklist used in equipment maintenance. e. means of scheduling individual work or whole projects.

E. means of scheduling individual work or whole projects

A system that actively interacts with its environment is best described as a(n) a. subsystem. b. closed system. c. transformation system. d. management information system. e. open system.

E. open system

Topics in the field of organizational behavior include all EXCEPT which of the following? a. Job satisfaction b. Stress c. Leadership d. Organizational politics e. Operations

E. operations

_______ management techniques do not account for individual behaviors and attitudes a. Scientific b. Administrative c. Systems d. Human relations e. Quantitative

E. quanititative

Coca-Cola is expanding its international operations. It needs to consider allo of the following challenges EXCEPT

E. stagnant work environment

Barnard's theory on the acceptance of managerial authority states that a. supervisors have inherent authority. b. supervisors have charismatic authority. c. if subordinates view a supervisor's directive as appropriate to organizational goals, they will accept his or her authority. d. so long as subordinates are able to comply with a supervisor's directives, they will accept his or her authority. e. supervisors have no authority unless subordinates are willing to grant it to them.

E. supervisors have no authority unless subordinates are willing to grant it to them

Dr. White is one of the 2 emergency room physicians in charge of the staff. As a supervisor, she believes that her subordinates are valuable resources and focuses her attention on the interpersonal processes such as group dynamics that occur in the emergency room. Her views are consistent with the _____ management perspective. a. quantitative b. behavioral c. classical d. contingency e. systems

b. behavioral

Contemporary organization theory has its roots in a. Weber's work on bureaucracy. b. Fayol's 14 principles of management. c. Barnard's work on acceptance of authority. d. Taylor's work on job design. e. Gilbreth's work in time and motion studies.

a. Weber's work on bureaucracy

_______ focuses on the management of the entire firm as opposed to the jobs of individual workers

administrative management

The appropriate management behavior that depends on the unique situation is a ______ perspective

contingency

The broader the solutions, the greater the creativity and possibility for innovation. This is a benefit of which perspective?

contingency

Which two managerial functions utilize quantitative management the most?

d. controlling and planning

The Blue Rooster is a bakery. It sells 12 flavors of bread, made fresh daily. Some doughs require time to rise. If they are handled too soon or too late the texture and flavor is ruined. The importance of scheduling indicates that The Blue Rooster should adopt the ____ perspective. a. organizational behavior b. scientific management c. administrative management d. management science e. systems management

d. management science

Which school of management thought would be most useful to a package delivery company that wanted to determine the most efficient routes for each of its drivers to follow? a. Organizational behavior b. Scientific management c. Administrative management d. Management science e. Systems management

d. management science

Harley-Davidson puts its brand on everything from motorcycles to toys and clothes. It is benefitting from

synergy

Students applying to business schools look at the quality of the education and the alumni network which can help with career placement. The students are looking for a(n)

synergy

TransAmerica Business is a consulting firm. When hired for a job, the company has financial auditors, tax experts, management consultants, computer experts, and legal staffers who can work together to solve whatever problems face the hiring firm. This team approach to problem solving is an example of ____ at work.

synergy

______ help managers integrate and enlarge their understanding of the three principal schools of management thought

systems theory and contingency theory

Operations management is concerned with

the application of various processes and systems used by an organization

Which of the following statements describes the inherent strength in the quantitative management theory?

the quantitative management theory provides numerous decision-making tools and techniques

Who among the following was NOT associated with scientific management? a. Mary Parker Follett b. Lillian Gilbreth c. Henry Gantt d. Frederick Taylor e. Harrington Emerson

A. Mary Parker Follett

A manager who wants to use the principles of scientific management will a. emphasize time and motion studies. b. need a deep understanding of worker needs and feelings. c. not be required to closely supervise his or her subordinates. d. never actually increase worker productivity. e. not have to carefully select and train his or her employees.

A. emphasize time and motion studies

The ____ of businesses has increased diversity in many organizations. a. globalization b. emphasis on quality c. service-orientation d. technological-orientation e. critical mass

A. globalization

Klaus is a plant manager for Opel automobiles. It appears to him that much time and effort are being wasted. He decides to analyze the workers' overall task and then select and train workers for specific parts of the job so as to increase workers' productivity. He is applying the principles of a. scientific management. b. organizational behavior. c. management science. d. contingency theory. e. administrative management.

A. scientific management

Which of the following statements relative to the theory and practice of management is TRUE? a. Academic theories have little application in business because they are not grounded in reality. b. The value of theory is that it provides a systematic framework for management activities c. Theory is, by definition, very abstract and quite difficult to understand. d. Managers never develop their own theories of how to run an organization. e. Management theories tend to be mutually exclusive.

B

Many large companies offer incentive pay if employees participate in wellness programs. For example, Rockford Acromatic Products offers $300 to employees who lower their cholesterol through lifestyle change instead of taking prescription drugs. This is a form of a. increased efficiency. b. piecework pay system. c. soldiering. d. Theory X. e. Theory Y.

B. Piecework pay system

At Toyota, each task that operating employees and machines perform is carefully studied to promote maximum productivity. In some cases, tasks are studied using time and motion studies to standardize work methods. What management approach is Toyota using? a. Human relations management b. Scientific management c. Management science d. Contingency theory e. Administrative management

B. Scientific management

One of the most common complaints that buyers have about Internet retail is the inability of many retailers to fill orders correctly and in a timely fashion. Which of the following management approaches can retailers use to improve per-order efficiency? a. The classical perspective b. Scientific management c. Management science d. Contingency theory e. Administrative management

B. Scientific management

Contributions of the classical perspective include all of the following EXCEPT a. laid the foundation for later developments in management theory. b. appropriate for dynamic organizations. c. identified important management processes and functions. d. identified important management skills e. focused attention on management as a valid subject of scientific inquiry.

B. appropriate for dynamic organizations

The Taliban seek to isolate women and control every aspect of their lives. The Taliban try to create ____ that do not interact with the external environment. a. subsystems b. closed systems c. transformation systems d. resource-independent systems e. open systems

B. closed systems

Which of the following statements characterizes the thinking that emerged from the Hawthorne studies? a. If jobs are properly designed and proper incentives provided, predictable results will follow. b. Workers will perform their jobs as they are told to and will maximize their output so as to increase their pay. c. Concern for the worker will lead to greater worker satisfaction, which will then lead to increased output. d. Workers generally dislike work and need to be closely supervised to ensure adequate productivity. e. People are motivated primarily by money.

C. Concern for the worker will lead to greater worker satisfaction, which will then lead to increased output

Bill and his friends wanted to start their own house painting business. It was decided that to differentiate their services from others, they would break down the various jobs associated with painting; landscape protection, equipment preparation, trim, main body, and clean-up, and each would specialize. After being in business for a couple of months, they experiment with ladder placement and spray pressure to determine the most efficient painting process. Which of the following management theorists would be most helpful to these entrepreneurs? a. Henry Gantt b. Frederick Taylor c. Frank Gilbreth d. Harrington Emerson e. Max Weber

C. Frank Gilbreth

Dr. White uses whatever style of management seems to best fit the needs of the individual employees. She was autocratic and rigid with a doctor who had a drug problem. During the same period, she was compassionate with a nurse who was a single parent with infant twins and bent the rules so she could have time to sort out her life. Her management style conforms to which theory of management? a. Bureaucratic management b. TQM c. The contingency approach d. Theory X and Y e. Qualitative management

C. The contingency approach

Staff Sergeant Tyra Bradford is a platoon sergeant. She uses whatever style of management seems to fit the situation. Her management style fits which theory of management? a. Bureaucratic management b. TQM c. The contingency approach d. Theory X and Y e. Qualitative management

C. The contingency approach

The plant manager for an electronics manufacturer is often heard saying that the way to motivate workers is to provide them with attractive wage and benefit packages. What school of thought does his view reflect? a. Quantitative b. Behavioral c. Classical d. Contingency e. Systems

C. classical

Zestra was an ointment for women. The executives responsible for marketing were male. Sales were slow and then Zestra filed for Chapter 11. What happened to Zestra is an example of a. synergy. b. closed system inversion. c. entropy. d. subsystem enhancement. e. open system conversion.

C. entropy

After ordering from Barnes and Noble, readers are asked to write reviews of the books. This is an example of which part of the system? a. Inputs b. Outputs c. Feedback d. Transformation processes e. Material

C. feedback

When a manufacturing plant uses mathematical models to plan production schedules and to schedule equipment maintenance, it is drawing on a. scientific management. b. administrative management. c. management science. d. TQM. e. the contingency approach.

C. management science

Limitations of the classical perspective include all of the following EXCEPT a. more appropriate for stable organizations. b. more appropriate for simple organizations. c. more appropriate for dynamic organizations. d. often prescribed universal procedures that are not appropriate in some settings. e. even though some writers were concerned with the human element, many viewed employees as tools rather than resources.

C. more appropriate for dynamic organizations

The Army uses aircraft simulators to train helicopter pilots, which decreases the fuel consumption, helicopter maintenance, storage requirement, and air traffic control congestion. This is an example of a. scientific management. b. administrative management. c. operations management. d. behavior perspective. e. classical perspective.

C. operations management

Which of the following is NOT a technique Frederick Taylor used to enhance worker productivity? a. Study and time each element of the job. b. Design the most efficient way of doing each part of a job. c. Place both workers and managers on salary to reduce friction. d. Supervise workers and managers to make sure they follow procedures and rest only when told to. e. Allow managers to plan the work to be done.

C. place both workers and managers on salary to reduce friction

Robert Owen, a British industrialist, recognized the importance of the human aspect of production. Owen believed workers deserved all EXCEPT which of the following? a. Respect and dignity b. Reduced hours c. Good working conditions d. Decent pay e. A retirement plan

E. A retirement plan

Which of the following statements BEST describes the human relations view of management? a. U.S. productivity exceeds that of any other country. b. Highly paid workers will be more productive. c. Groups are NOT as productive as the same number of individuals working independently. d. Happy workers are productive workers. e. Minorities and women are equally productive to white males.

D. Happy workers are productive workers

All of the following were primary contributors to the behavioral management perspective EXCEPT a. Hugo Munsterberg b. Abraham Maslow c. Elton Mayo d. Henri Fayol e. Douglas McGregor

D. Henri Fayol

Which of these management pioneers developed a chart for scheduling work over a span of time? a. Lillian Gilbreth b. Frederick Taylor c. Harrington Emerson d. Henry Gantt e. Max Weber

D. Henry Gantt

All of the following were primary contributors to administrative management EXCEPT a. Max Weber. b. Henri Fayol. c. Lyndall Urwick. d. Hugo Munsterberg. e. Chester Barnard.

D. Hugo Munsterberg

Charles Babbage emphasized the application of mathematics to production problems. Thus, his work was a forerunner of a. administrative management. b. the contingency theory. c. the behavioral school of management thought. d. operations management. e. the systems theory.

D. Operations management

_______ management focuses on the work of individuals a. Administrative b. Behavioral c. Human relations d. Scientific e. Contingency

D. Scientific

Henri Fayol, a French industrialist, was the first to identify all EXCEPT which of the following managerial functions? a. Planning b. Organizing c. Leading d. Supporting e. Controlling

D. Supporting

Nipurna is a high school guidance counselor. A student observed that Nipurna acted like a Theory Y manager. That would mean that Nipurna a. believes that people do not like to work. b. is constantly directing a student that wants to avoid taking responsibility. c. will often threaten her students to get them to work toward school goals. d. believes that people naturally like work. e. All of these choices

D. believes that people naturally like work

Which of the following is NOT an output?

D. complaint form

Industrial psychology is the practice of applying a. psychology to the masses. b. statistical measures to psychological output. c. efficiency measures to psychological output. d. psychology to worker motivation and selection. e. industrial advancements to medical research.

D. psychology to worker motivation and selection

Nipurna is a hs guidance counselor. Nipurna is well liked by the staff and students whom she supervises. She recognizes that they have excellent problem-solving skills and are committed to excellence. She lets the people she supervises assume as much responsibility as they are capable of handling. It would appear that she

c. believes in McGregor's approach to managing people

Government run healthcare in other countries requires end of life counseling. The question "Do you feel like a burden to your family?" suggests to some that ending treatment will ease the burden on the family and State. It could be argued that the government sees itself as more important than the individual. This example deals with one of the drawbacks to the use of the ____ perspective of management. a. human resource b. behavioral c. classical d. contingency e. industrial psychology

c. classical

Theory X managers believe workers are a. happy. b. lucky. c. lazy. d. motivated. e. committed.

c. lazy

Which of the following statements about the classical perspective of management is FALSE? a. The classical perspective of management laid the foundation for later management theory developments. b. The classical perspective of management identified the key management processes. c. The classical perspective of management prescribed action unique to each situation. d. The classical perspective of management focused attention on management as a viable topic of scientific inquiry. e. The classical perspective of management identified important management functions and skills.

c. the classical perspective of management prescribed action unique to each situation

Which of the following statements about the Hawthorne studies is FALSE? a. The Hawthorne studies initiated work in the human relations movement. b. The Hawthorne studies indicated the need to consider the social aspects of the organization. c. The Hawthorne studies showed that group norms exert a powerful influence on the members of a group. d. The Hawthorne studies confirmed that incentive pay plans are an effective means of increasing production. e. The Hawthorne studies found that money cannot be used as a motivator for workers.

d. the Hawthorne studies confirmed that incentive pay plans are an effective means of increasing production

Limitations of the quantitative management perspective include all of the following EXCEPT

difficult to apply

Haldeman Ford is a car dealership in East Windsor NJ. It employs 35 people. Using the system theory, it would be classified as

either a system or a subsystem depending on the frame of reference

According to the systems perspective of management, which of the following is NOT an example of transformation process for an organization?

employee behavior