Chapter 2 Hardware

The loading of an operating system into the main memory of a device is called the ________ process.

boot

In addition to the RAM, modern processors temporarily keep frequently accessed data in a _____.

cache

Clock speed, also referred to as _____ _____, is the speed at which the processor performs the operations required to run a digital device and instructions executed by the digital device.

clock rate

Memory used to increase a hard drive's efficiency matches

disc cache

The computer that can be found inside a digital watch (not an iWatch) is referred to as a(n) ___ computer. It has a real-time operating system. Multiple choice question.

embedded

The amount of space a device takes up on a desk or table is referred to as its _____.

footprint

Because a metal platter is physically spinning, hard drives have ___ .

longer access times

A desktop computer will typically use a ___ for most internal storage. Multiple choice question.

magnetic hard drive

While not designed to solve complex technical formulas, a computer that is more powerful than a server computer, and used by organizations to process large numbers of transactions simultaneously is called a

mainframe

Cache contains frequently accessed data and is ___.

much smaller than computer's RAM

The Apple iPod, Google Chromecast, Amazon Kindle Fire and Roku are examples of _____ Media Players.

personal

A processor composed of one control unit and one arithmetic logic unit (ALU) is called a:

single-core processor

The most powerful computers, __________________ , can evaluate complex data very quickly. Many of these computers in the United States are owned by the government or major research institutions and can cost $1 million dollars or more.

supercomputers

The location of the computer's ___ unit, which houses a computer's motherboard, depends on the type of computer.

system

Which two of the following are correct statements regarding all-in-one computers?

An all-in-one computer is a stationary device with a separate keyboard and mouse. The motherboard is housed behind the monitor. All-in-one computers house every component except the keyboard and mouse inside the same case as the monitor.

Devices that integrate the computer case (chassis) and system components into the monitor, but have an external keyboard and mouse are called ___ computers

All in one

Which two of the following items are commonly included when you purchase a Windows PC laptop computer with a solid-state hard drive?

An operating system A universal serial bus (USB) port

Which three of the following are commonly associated with laptop computers?

Integrated keyboard, monitor, and touchpad Full operating system Mobile

Memory located directly on the processor itself matches

L1 cache

Memory, such as RAM or cache, is __ and has no moving parts.

electronic (solid state)

Changing processor setting so that computer runs faster than recommended by the manufacturer is called

overclocking

can damage a processor if not properly executed. It will also void your warranty.

overclocking

IPOS refers to the four basic computing functions. IPOS stands for Input, ___, Output, and Storage.

processing

A computer system in a network that is shared by multiple users is called a

server

Personal computer CPU clock speeds range between ____.

1-4 gigahertz

Which of the following is not part of the boot process? Multiple choice question.

Any installed anti-virus software checks the system for errors

Which two of the following statements are true about Unicode?

Capable of representing all of the world's languages 16 bit (minimum) encoding standard

The windows 10 app used remove unwanted files from your computer's hard drive is called

Disk Cleanup

Most tablets have solid-state drive (SSD) capacities measured in terabytes (TBs).

False

Which four steps are the part of the machine cycle?

Fetch, Decode, Execute, Store

The small amount of memory, located within the CPU itself, is referred to as ___ cache.

L1

SSD stands for

Solid State Drive

Which two of the following statements are correct regarding the CPU?

The CPU is located on the motherboard of the computer. The CPU is integrated into a chip called a microprocessor.

A type of interface that enables communication between digital devices, allows data transfer, and for devices to be electrically charged is called

Universal Serial Bus

Select 3 characteristics of a tablet computer.

Usually has a mobile operating system Is highly mobile Has as a touchscreen

location of motherboard on a smartphone?

behind touch screen

The physical parts of a computer such as the system unit (like the tower unit shown) or a monitor are referred to as computer

hardware

The physical parts of a computer, such as the monitor, keyboard, mouse, and system unit are called computer ___ .

hardware

Because they have no moving parts, solid-state drives (SSDs) costs tend to be ___.

higher

Memory, such as a computer's RAM ___

holds data and programs being used by the processor.

A multicore processor has the ability to execute two or more sets of instructions at the same time. This is called _____.

hyperthreading

location of motherboard on a desktop?

in tower or chasis

The largest chip designing and manufacturing company in the world is ___

intel

A mobile hinged computer with an integrated keyboard that uses a full operating system is called a notebook or a ____ computer.

laptop

In an all-in-one computer, the motherboard is housed behind the

monitor, screen, or display

The actual number of pixels (resolution) in a monitor is called __________ resolution.

native

When a computer is shut down, the information in the memory (the RAM, the caches, the registers) is ___.

not saved

A coding scheme capable of representing the languages of the world, ________ uses 16 bits to represent

unicode

The number of bits that can be processed at one time during one machine cycle is a processor's _____.

word size

Which two of the following are computers?

Gaming Console and Smart Phone

Another name for a computer's processor is the:

CPU

Put the steps of the information processing cycle in the correct order, with the first step at the top.

Input, Process, Output, Store

Memory located next to the processor matches

L3 cache

Programs and data currently being used by the processor are placed in the ___.

RAM

location of the motherboard on a laptop?

beneath keyboard

A channel over which information flows inside a digital device is called a

bus

The three factors that impact processor speed are clock speed, word size, and _____ .

bus width

A computer that is integrated (is a part of) with a larger device, such as a programmable thermostat, is called a(n) ________ computer. It has a real-time operating system (RTOS).

embedded

Small computers that are a component of other devices are called ___ computers.

embedded

Two or more complete processors residing on the same chip and can execute two or more sets of instructions at a time is called a ________ core processor.

multi

The four basic functions of a computer are to: 1 - accept data input 2- process data into information 3 - present output 4 - provide ______________

storage

A digital device that accepts input, processes data into information, stores data, and provides output is a

laptop or computer