Chapter 2 Hardware
The loading of an operating system into the main memory of a device is called the ________ process.
boot
In addition to the RAM, modern processors temporarily keep frequently accessed data in a _____.
cache
Clock speed, also referred to as _____ _____, is the speed at which the processor performs the operations required to run a digital device and instructions executed by the digital device.
clock rate
Memory used to increase a hard drive's efficiency matches
disc cache
The computer that can be found inside a digital watch (not an iWatch) is referred to as a(n) ___ computer. It has a real-time operating system. Multiple choice question.
embedded
The amount of space a device takes up on a desk or table is referred to as its _____.
footprint
Because a metal platter is physically spinning, hard drives have ___ .
longer access times
A desktop computer will typically use a ___ for most internal storage. Multiple choice question.
magnetic hard drive
While not designed to solve complex technical formulas, a computer that is more powerful than a server computer, and used by organizations to process large numbers of transactions simultaneously is called a
mainframe
Cache contains frequently accessed data and is ___.
much smaller than computer's RAM
The Apple iPod, Google Chromecast, Amazon Kindle Fire and Roku are examples of _____ Media Players.
personal
A processor composed of one control unit and one arithmetic logic unit (ALU) is called a:
single-core processor
The most powerful computers, __________________ , can evaluate complex data very quickly. Many of these computers in the United States are owned by the government or major research institutions and can cost $1 million dollars or more.
supercomputers
The location of the computer's ___ unit, which houses a computer's motherboard, depends on the type of computer.
system
Which two of the following are correct statements regarding all-in-one computers?
An all-in-one computer is a stationary device with a separate keyboard and mouse. The motherboard is housed behind the monitor. All-in-one computers house every component except the keyboard and mouse inside the same case as the monitor.
Devices that integrate the computer case (chassis) and system components into the monitor, but have an external keyboard and mouse are called ___ computers
All in one
Which two of the following items are commonly included when you purchase a Windows PC laptop computer with a solid-state hard drive?
An operating system A universal serial bus (USB) port
Which three of the following are commonly associated with laptop computers?
Integrated keyboard, monitor, and touchpad Full operating system Mobile
Memory located directly on the processor itself matches
L1 cache
Memory, such as RAM or cache, is __ and has no moving parts.
electronic (solid state)
Changing processor setting so that computer runs faster than recommended by the manufacturer is called
overclocking
can damage a processor if not properly executed. It will also void your warranty.
overclocking
IPOS refers to the four basic computing functions. IPOS stands for Input, ___, Output, and Storage.
processing
A computer system in a network that is shared by multiple users is called a
server
Personal computer CPU clock speeds range between ____.
1-4 gigahertz
Which of the following is not part of the boot process? Multiple choice question.
Any installed anti-virus software checks the system for errors
Which two of the following statements are true about Unicode?
Capable of representing all of the world's languages 16 bit (minimum) encoding standard
The windows 10 app used remove unwanted files from your computer's hard drive is called
Disk Cleanup
Most tablets have solid-state drive (SSD) capacities measured in terabytes (TBs).
False
Which four steps are the part of the machine cycle?
Fetch, Decode, Execute, Store
The small amount of memory, located within the CPU itself, is referred to as ___ cache.
L1
SSD stands for
Solid State Drive
Which two of the following statements are correct regarding the CPU?
The CPU is located on the motherboard of the computer. The CPU is integrated into a chip called a microprocessor.
A type of interface that enables communication between digital devices, allows data transfer, and for devices to be electrically charged is called
Universal Serial Bus
Select 3 characteristics of a tablet computer.
Usually has a mobile operating system Is highly mobile Has as a touchscreen
location of motherboard on a smartphone?
behind touch screen
The physical parts of a computer such as the system unit (like the tower unit shown) or a monitor are referred to as computer
hardware
The physical parts of a computer, such as the monitor, keyboard, mouse, and system unit are called computer ___ .
hardware
Because they have no moving parts, solid-state drives (SSDs) costs tend to be ___.
higher
Memory, such as a computer's RAM ___
holds data and programs being used by the processor.
A multicore processor has the ability to execute two or more sets of instructions at the same time. This is called _____.
hyperthreading
location of motherboard on a desktop?
in tower or chasis
The largest chip designing and manufacturing company in the world is ___
intel
A mobile hinged computer with an integrated keyboard that uses a full operating system is called a notebook or a ____ computer.
laptop
In an all-in-one computer, the motherboard is housed behind the
monitor, screen, or display
The actual number of pixels (resolution) in a monitor is called __________ resolution.
native
When a computer is shut down, the information in the memory (the RAM, the caches, the registers) is ___.
not saved
A coding scheme capable of representing the languages of the world, ________ uses 16 bits to represent
unicode
The number of bits that can be processed at one time during one machine cycle is a processor's _____.
word size
Which two of the following are computers?
Gaming Console and Smart Phone
Another name for a computer's processor is the:
CPU
Put the steps of the information processing cycle in the correct order, with the first step at the top.
Input, Process, Output, Store
Memory located next to the processor matches
L3 cache
Programs and data currently being used by the processor are placed in the ___.
RAM
location of the motherboard on a laptop?
beneath keyboard
A channel over which information flows inside a digital device is called a
bus
The three factors that impact processor speed are clock speed, word size, and _____ .
bus width
A computer that is integrated (is a part of) with a larger device, such as a programmable thermostat, is called a(n) ________ computer. It has a real-time operating system (RTOS).
embedded
Small computers that are a component of other devices are called ___ computers.
embedded
Two or more complete processors residing on the same chip and can execute two or more sets of instructions at a time is called a ________ core processor.
multi
The four basic functions of a computer are to: 1 - accept data input 2- process data into information 3 - present output 4 - provide ______________
storage
A digital device that accepts input, processes data into information, stores data, and provides output is a
laptop or computer
