Chapter 2 Population
low agricultural density.
A country with a large amount of arable land and a small number of farmers will have a
obstetrical hemorrhage.
According to the United Nations, the most common cause of maternal death in poor countries is
By analyzing the map above, you could conclude that life expectancy is lowest on average in
Africa
the medical revolution.
Africa, Asia, and Latin America entered stage 2 of the demographic transition as a result of
farmers per area of arable land.
Agricultural density is the number of
the total number of objects in an area.
Arithmetic density is
the industrial revolution.
Europe and North America entered stage 2 of the demographic transition as a result of
Country X has a crude birth rate of 40 and a crude death rate of 15. In what stage of the demographic transition is this country?
Stage 2
Wide base, higher LE, triangular
Stage 2
dependency ratio.
The number of people who are too young or too old to work compared to the number of people in their productive years is called the
limiting the size of its population.
We can calculate that a country would lower its arithmetic density by
has a lower percentage of elderly people.
We can hypothesize with some confidence that Costa Rica has a lower crude death rate than the United States because Costa Rica
By examining the figure, population increased rapidly
beginning in the eighteenth century.
By analyzing the cartogram, the countries depicted as smaller, or more limited in size, represent countries with
lower populations
Stage 3
A crude birth rate that is rapidly declining is typical of a country in which stage of the demographic transition?
that for every 100 people, 35 are dependent on the current labor force.
A dependency ratio of 65 represents
better pre- and post-natal care.
A low infant mortality rate (IMR) suggests
reemergence of infectious and parasitic diseases.
A possible stage five epidemiological transition is the stage of
a 30-year population control policy
Although China has the largest population in the world, what explains the country's declining NIR?
less than
Among the world's countries, the spread between the highest and lowest crude death rates is ________ the spread between the highest and lowest crude birth rates.
decrease in the amount of agricultural land.
An increase in a country's agricultural density would suggest a(n)
increase in the size of its population.
An increase in a country's physiological density would suggest a(n)
infant mortality rate.
Approximately 500 babies were born in Country D in 2011, but 35 of them died before reaching their first birthday. These data can be used to report Country D's
doubling time.
Assuming all things being equal, a decline in a country's crude birth rate (CBR) would result in an increase in that country's
By analyzing the cartogram, which country has the highest population?
China
Country A
Country A has a crude birth rate of 60 and a crude death rate of 15, while Country B has a CBR of 27 and a CDR of 9. Which country has a higher natural increase rate?
a small percentage of land suitable for agriculture, even if there seems to be plenty of space available to live in.
If the physiological density in a given country is very high and its arithmetic density is very low, then a country has
actual food production has been much higher than Malthus predicted.
In comparing Malthus's theory to actual world food production and population growth during the past half century, the principal difference is that
number of people per area of land.
India and the United Kingdom have approximately the same arithmetic density although their landscapes and sizes are quite different. From this we can conclude that the two countries have roughly the same
By analyzing the map, which equatorial nation-state is the most populous?
Indonisia
crude death rate
It may sound strange to hear that the ________ is generally lower for less developed countries than for more developed countries, but the difference is correlated to the average age of each population.
The largest population concentration in Southeast Asia is
Jakarta
By analyzing the map above, which East Asian nation-state has the highest life expectancy?
Japan
a demographic shift to smaller families and more women in the workforce.
Japan's population decline is directly attributed to
declining crude birth rates.
Judging by the demographic patterns of recent years, we can surmise that the principal reason for declining natural increase rates in less developed countries today is
arable land.
Land suited for agriculture is called
improving local economic conditions in conjunction with improving women's educational attainment.
Leading approaches to reducing birth rates emphasize the long-terms benefits of
people per area suitable for agriculture.
Physiological density is the number of
Stage 2
Rapidly declining crude death rates are found in which stage of the demographic transition?
high elevations
Relatively few people live at ________, but there are significant exceptions, especially in low latitudes.
inadequate pollution controls and degenerative diseases.
Russia's increasing CDR may be most closely associated with
large indent on male side around 15 to 40
Sign of war on population pyramid
Wide base, low life expectancy, concave
Stage 1
the implementation of improved sanitation and nutrition programs.
Stage 2 of the epidemiological transition suggests
Narrowing base, higher LE, convex
Stage 3
Narrow base, High LE, straight sides, rectangular
Stage 4
Narrow base, very high LE, convex sides, bulbous
Stage 5
ecumene.
The Earth area of permanent human settlement is called the
CBR; TFR
The ________ provides a picture of society as a whole in a given year and the ________ seeks to predict the childbearing behavior of women
maternal mortality rate.
The annual number of female deaths related to pregnancy per 100,000 live births is called
total fertility rate.
The average number of births women bear in their lifetimes is
Stage 1
The highest crude death rates are found in countries in which stage of the demographic transition?
Stage 2
The highest natural increase rates are found in countries in which stage of the demographic transition?
Stage 4
The lowest crude birth rates are found in countries in which stage of the demographic transition?
India.
The most controversial national family planning program is closely associated with
AIDS.
The most lethal epidemic in recent years has been
sex ratio.
The number of males per 100 females in the population is called
elderly support ratio.
The number of people over 65 represented as a percentage of the labor force is described as a(n)
natural increase rate.
The percentage by which a population grows in years is called the
being "upside down"
The population pyramid of a city in southern Florida, Arizona, or even northern Japan may have a visual appearance of ________ because the city's population is dominated by elderly people.
causes of death at varying stages of the demographic transition.
The stages of the epidemiologic transition are based on
crude birth rate
The total number of live births per year per 1,000 people in a society is the
China and India.
The two most populous countries in the world are
doubling time.
The world's annual ________ is currently approximately 1.2 percent, at which rate the world's population is projected to double in about 54 years.
epidemiology
This branch of medical science is concerned with incidence, distribution and control of diseases that are prevalent among a population over a particular time.
Stage 3
This stage of the epidemiological transition describes a reduced mortality associated with infectious diseases and an increase in chronic disorders associated with aging.
the world's rate of population increase was higher than the development of food supplies.
Thomas Malthus concluded that
doubling time
When the world's population reached 6 billion in 1995, it was forecast that at a steady rate of growth the population would reach 12 billion in approximately 45 years. That period of 45 years is known as
Stages 1 and 4 of the Demographic Transition are similar in that
both have low growth rates.
