Chapter 20

A Patient experiencing shock may exhibit which signs and symptoms?

Pulse of more than 100 beats/minute, Fast and deep respiration

Improvement in a patient with septic shock is indicated by an increase in

Systemic Vascular Resistance

Sepsis has been recently redefined as:

a systemic inflammatory repose to infection

Hypotension associated with nuerogenic and anaphylactic shock is due to

peripheral pooling of blood

The majority of cases of anaphylactic shock occur when a sensitized indivdual comes in contact with:

Antibiotics

Lactated ringer solution and normal saline are commonlhy used ______ solutions that contain electrolytes

Crystaloid

Administration of which therapy is most appropriate for hypovolemic shock?

Crystaloids

In contract to other types of shock, the hyperdynamic phase of septic shock is associated with

high cardiac output

Cardiogenic shock is characterized by

reduced cardiac output

A patient presenting with fever,hypotension and lactic acidosis is most likely to be experiencing what type of shock?

septic

A patient with codl and edematous extemities, low cardiac output, and profoudn hypotension is likely to be experiencing a progressive stage of _____ shock

septic

Overproduction of nitric oxide is an important aspect of the pathophysiologic process of what type of shock?

septic

The Progressive stage of hyovolemic shock is characterized by

tachycardia

Tumor necrosis factor a and interleukin-1 contribute to shock states because they induce produciton of

vasopression

In which stage of shock is a patient who has lost 1200ml of blood, who has normal blood pressure when supine, but who experiences orthostatic hypotension upon standing?

Class II,Compenssated Stage

Massive release of histamine with consequent vasodilation and hypotension occurs with what type of shock?

Anaphylactic

Low cardiac output in association with high preeload is characteristic of _______ shock

Cardiogenic

__________ is a serious complication of septic shock characterized by abnormal clot formation in the microvasculature throughout the body

Dissemnated Intravascular Coagulation.

A patient experiences anaphlyactic shock. The nurse expects to observe which signs and symtoms in the patient?

Hypotension,Uriticaria, Angioedema, Wheezing

Administration of vasodilatior to a patient in shock would be expected to

Increase tissue perfusion

Postive inotropic drugs work by increasing

Contractility, Cardiac output, Tissue perfusion, Myocardial oxygen demand

A type of shock that includes brain trauma that results in depresson of the vasomotor center is __________

Neurogenic

A patient who was involved in a fall from tree becomes short of breat, the lung sounds are absent on one side. This patient is experiencing _______ shock

Obstructive

The urinary sins and symptoms of acute renal foilure associated withthe progressive stage of shock are

Oliguria, Increased serum creatinine

Which cause of shock are considered to be obstructive?

Pulmonary embolus, Cardiac temponade, Tension Pneumorthorax

A patient is diagnosed with cardiogenic shock. The patient is hyperventiliating and is therefore at risk of the respiratory complication of________

Respiratory Alkalosis

Tachycaria is an early sigh of low cardiac output that occurs because of\

baroreptor activity