Chapter 20
A Patient experiencing shock may exhibit which signs and symptoms?
Pulse of more than 100 beats/minute, Fast and deep respiration
Improvement in a patient with septic shock is indicated by an increase in
Systemic Vascular Resistance
Sepsis has been recently redefined as:
a systemic inflammatory repose to infection
Hypotension associated with nuerogenic and anaphylactic shock is due to
peripheral pooling of blood
The majority of cases of anaphylactic shock occur when a sensitized indivdual comes in contact with:
Antibiotics
Lactated ringer solution and normal saline are commonlhy used ______ solutions that contain electrolytes
Crystaloid
Administration of which therapy is most appropriate for hypovolemic shock?
Crystaloids
In contract to other types of shock, the hyperdynamic phase of septic shock is associated with
high cardiac output
Cardiogenic shock is characterized by
reduced cardiac output
A patient presenting with fever,hypotension and lactic acidosis is most likely to be experiencing what type of shock?
septic
A patient with codl and edematous extemities, low cardiac output, and profoudn hypotension is likely to be experiencing a progressive stage of _____ shock
septic
Overproduction of nitric oxide is an important aspect of the pathophysiologic process of what type of shock?
septic
The Progressive stage of hyovolemic shock is characterized by
tachycardia
Tumor necrosis factor a and interleukin-1 contribute to shock states because they induce produciton of
vasopression
In which stage of shock is a patient who has lost 1200ml of blood, who has normal blood pressure when supine, but who experiences orthostatic hypotension upon standing?
Class II,Compenssated Stage
Massive release of histamine with consequent vasodilation and hypotension occurs with what type of shock?
Anaphylactic
Low cardiac output in association with high preeload is characteristic of _______ shock
Cardiogenic
__________ is a serious complication of septic shock characterized by abnormal clot formation in the microvasculature throughout the body
Dissemnated Intravascular Coagulation.
A patient experiences anaphlyactic shock. The nurse expects to observe which signs and symtoms in the patient?
Hypotension,Uriticaria, Angioedema, Wheezing
Administration of vasodilatior to a patient in shock would be expected to
Increase tissue perfusion
Postive inotropic drugs work by increasing
Contractility, Cardiac output, Tissue perfusion, Myocardial oxygen demand
A type of shock that includes brain trauma that results in depresson of the vasomotor center is __________
Neurogenic
A patient who was involved in a fall from tree becomes short of breat, the lung sounds are absent on one side. This patient is experiencing _______ shock
Obstructive
The urinary sins and symptoms of acute renal foilure associated withthe progressive stage of shock are
Oliguria, Increased serum creatinine
Which cause of shock are considered to be obstructive?
Pulmonary embolus, Cardiac temponade, Tension Pneumorthorax
A patient is diagnosed with cardiogenic shock. The patient is hyperventiliating and is therefore at risk of the respiratory complication of________
Respiratory Alkalosis
Tachycaria is an early sigh of low cardiac output that occurs because of\
baroreptor activity