Chapter 20 - Preserving Diversity

Select all of the following that contribute to the formation of smog.

heavy automobile traffic warm, sunny climate sulfur dioxide

Introduced species that spread widely and harm the environment or other species are called ______ species.

invasive

What do kudzu, hydrilla, European starlings, and Asian carp in North America have in common? Multiple choice question.

invasive species

Select all of the effects of acid deposition.

leaching of aluminum and mercury from soils decreased biodiversity in lakes disruption of food webs stunted and thinning forests

Select all of the effects of global climate change.

local extinctions or changes in migration patterns changes in growing seasons increased animal stress and vulnerability to disease increased and prolonged droughts

Select all of the following that are invasive species in North America.

marine toad gypsy moths kudzu

The blue crabs of the Chesapeake Bay are an example of a species that was declining due to ______. The species has begun to recover due to new regulations and better management practices.

overexploitation and pollution

Harvesting an animal faster than it can reproduce is called Multiple choice question.

overexploitation.

The international banning of the use of CFCs should allow the recovery of the

ozone layer

What species was overexploited, harvested faster than it could reproduce?

passenger pigeon

Carbon-containing compounds that do not degrade are called ______.

persistent organic pollutants

Select all the examples of chemical water pollutants. Multiple select question.

petroleum (oil) pesticides nitrogen and phosphorus from fertilizers heavy metals

While Earth's average temperature has varied over geological time due to natural processes, the current change in global climate is ______. Multiple choice question.

rapid and greatly influenced by human activities

Select all of the techniques used for the conservation of threatened species. Multiple select question.

reducing poaching establishing laws to protect species captive breeding programs controlling introduced predators insert disease-resistance genes into wild populations

Who can play a role in preserving biodiversity?

scientists, politicians, and ordinary citizens

Select all of the ways to conserve or protect many species at once.

slow human population growth provide wildlife corridors establish wildlife refuges habitat restoration projects

Select all of the following that can result from air pollution. Multiple select question.

smog reduced ozone layer acid rain

The difference between introduced species and invasive species is that invasive species

spread widely and cause harm.

Winds carry airborne acids hundreds of miles from coal-burning power plants, leading to acid deposition and severely damaged forests in

the eastern United States and Europe

Gases in the atmosphere that trap heat and block its escape from the atmosphere contribute to

the greenhouse effect.

Select all of the following that undergo chemical reactions in light to form photochemical smog.

vehicle emissions nitrogen oxides

In the current biodiversity crisis, the extinction rate is ______ times the "background" extinction rate. Multiple choice question.

100 to 1,000

Select all of the following that release greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. Multiple select question.

burning fossil fuels combustion activities of humans

Select all of the following that apply to persistent organic pollutants. Multiple select question.

can cause cancer some are hormone mimics can become more concentrated in higher levels of the food chain

What greenhouse gas is the most abundant in the atmosphere?

carbon dioxide

Select all of the following that can result in acid deposition.

coal-burning power plants atmospheric sulfur and nitrogen oxides combustion of fossil fuels

Select all of the following that are harmful effects of invasive species. Multiple select question.

depletion of food for native species eradication of native species spread of diseases to native species economic losses for human industries

Consequences of deforestation

destruction of carbon sinks loss of species and habitat disruption of the water cycle increased soil erosion

Select all the following that can act as water pollutants.

trash sediments heat

Select the reasons that tropical rain forests are shrinking.

Logging Replacement with ranches Replacement with farms

Select all the effects of a dam on an aquatic ecosystem.

Migration patterns are disrupted Nutrient levels change Water temperature changes Species diversity shifts

Select all the species that have been protected by conservation tools which have allowed their populations to survive or

Venus fly-traps black-footed ferret kiwis

The current extinction rate is similar to

The current extinction rate is similar to

What factor is contributing to global climate change?

accumulation of greenhouse gases

Select the possible direct and indirect consequences of nutrient pollution in aquatic habitats.

algae blooms fish and other sea life dies decreased oxygen in the water

A(n) ______ species is at high risk of becoming extinct, while a(n) ______ species is at risk but not as critically. Multiple choice question.

endangered; vulnerable

Select all of the causes of deforestation.

exploration for oil and gas clearing space for cities logging mining conversion to agriculture

Select all of the main causes of biodiversity loss.

global climate change invasive species overexploitation pollution habitat destruction

An increase in methane and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is contributing to Multiple choice question.

global climate change.

Select all of the following that can be consequences of overfishing with unsustainable fishing methods. Multiple select question.

habitat destruction of the seafloor loss of non target species through bycatch

Match each type of water pollution to its effect.

heat - reduces a river's ability to carry dissolved oxygen sediments - block light penetration into the water plastic water bottles - create "nurdles" that can kill vertebrates when eaten

Select all of the following that describe air pollution. Multiple select question.

includes small particles in the air can be a result of burning fossil fuels

Select all of the following that have contributed to the expansion of deserts.

increase in human populations in warm climates agriculture overgrazing

Select all of the following that may result from stratospheric ozone depletion.

increase in skin cancer decline in amphibian populations