Chapter 22 - Test - World History

Hormuz, Goa, and Melaka were all seized in the early 1500s by a. Vasco da Gama. b. Afonso d'Alboquerque. c. Francis Drake. d. Zheng He. e. James Cook.

b

Jan Pieterszoon Coen was responsible for a. forcing the population of Indonesia to convert to Christianity. b. founding the city of Batavia on the island of Java. c. bringing the Philippines under Dutch control. d. establishing the United East India Company. e. the third circumnavigation of the globe.

b

Lateen sails had the advantage of a. allowing for faster travel than anything available in the Islamic world. b. working better in crosswinds. c. being so colorful that they could be seen from many miles away. d. being able to take full advantage of a wind blowing from behind. e. being cheaper because their basic component was jute.

b

On 12 October 1492, Columbus made landfall on an island that the native Taíno called a. Palos. b. Guanahaní. c. Calicut. d. San Salvador. e. Gao.

b

The Portuguese dominance of trade was dependent on their ability to a. force the native populations to convert to Christianity. b. form alliances with Chinese princes to take advantage of the large Chinese navy. c. force merchant ships to call at fortified trading sites and pay duties. d. conquer territories and bring them permanently into their growing empire. e. take advantage of their huge population to overwhelm their adversaries.

c

The first European nation to dominate trade with Asia was a. England. b. Spain. c. Portugal. d. France. e. Italy.

c

The profitable merchandise that Vasco da Gama purchased in India was made up of a. gold and silver. b. silk and artwork. c. pepper and cinnamon. d. silk and ceramics. e. slaves and weapons.

c

The reconquista came to an end in 1492 when a. Constantinople fell to Islamic forces. b. Jerusalem was recaptured by European forces as part of the seventh crusade. c. the Muslim kingdom of Granada fell to Spanish Catholic forces. d. the silk roads were overrun by Mongol forces. e. northern India was recaptured by the British.

c

When Christopher Columbus returned to Spain, he reported to his royal sponsors that he had reached the islands just off the coast of Asia.

True

Spanish mariners developed a strategy called the volta do mar that enabled them to sail from the Canaries to Spain.

False

The Seven Years' War laid the foundation for 150 years of Spanish imperial hegemony in the world.

False

The astrolabe was a simplified version of an instrument used by Roman astronomers to determine latitude.

False

The goal of the Portuguese in establishing a trading-post empire was to conquer new territories.

False

From 1500 to 1800, the largest contingent of migrants consisted of a. enslaved Africans. b. Hindu Indians fleeing religious persecution. c. northern Europeans seeking economic opportunity in the Americas. d. Chinese peasant families fleeing recurring outbreaks of disease. e. southern Europeans seeking political freedom in the Americas.

a

In the end, Portugal was unable to maintain its early domination of trade because a. it was a small country with a small population. b. a Chinese resurgence of naval exploration forced the Portuguese out. c. a late outbreak of the bubonic plague in the seventeenth century killed half the country's population. d. the English, French, and Dutch formed a lasting alliance designed to force the Portuguese to surrender. e. the Portuguese tired of the expenses of naval exploration and focused on their European land empire.

a

The Dutch policy in Indonesia was to a. control the production of spices. b. convert the population to Christianity. c. rule the native population through strict control. d. introduce new agricultural products to find a cash crop. e. control financial institutions but leave the fighting to their French allies.

a

The astrolabe was designed to measure a. latitude. b. velocity. c. distance. d. longitude. e. depth.

a

The Portuguese viewed the Atlantic Ocean islands as the perfect location for the cultivation of a. cotton. b. sugarcane. c. indigo. d. maize. e. citrus fruits.

b

Which of the following was NOT a reason for the European interest in finding a maritime trade route? a. that the spread of the bubonic plague made the silk roads more dangerous b. that Mongol domination had caused trade along the silk roads to stop c. the high prices charged by Muslim merchants d. the demand in Europe for items such as Indian pepper and Chinese ginger e. the desire to expand the boundaries of Christianity

b

Christopher Columbus's decision to sail west to reach Asia was based on a. assistance from an experienced Muslim sailor. b. secret information on trade routes that he had received indirectly from Chinese sources. c. legends left over from the earlier Viking voyages. d. his miscalculation of the distance from the Canary Islands to Japan. e. information that he had gathered after inventing his own astrolabe.

d

Russian merchants and explorers began the expansion into Siberia in the quest for a. gold. b. silver. c. copper. d. furs. e. iron.

d

The VOC was the a. English East India Company. b. indirect trade route that Portuguese mariners used to take advantage of wind patterns. c. Portuguese missionary organization that spread Christianity along the trade routes. d. United East India Company. e. European multinational organization, Victory Over China, that focused on Asian expansion.

d

In the long term, the Columbian exchange a. brought a lasting decline in population because of the ravages of diseases such as smallpox. b. had very little influence on world population figures. c. led to economic instability because of a glut of Chinese silver. d. barely broke even financially e. increased world population because of the spread of new food crops.

e

Alongside material incentives, the goal of expanding the boundaries of Christianity also drove Europeans into the larger world.

True

Ferdinand Magellan was killed in a political dispute in the Philippines, and of his five ships and 280 men only one ship with 18 men returned to Spain.

True

The English merchants formed an especially powerful joint-stock company, the East India Company.

True

The Portuguese ventured into the open Atlantic Ocean seeking fish, seals, whales, timber, and lands where they could grow wheat.

True

The settlers who established a Russian presence in Siberia included social misfits, convicted criminals, and even prisoners of war.

True

The center of the Spanish commercial activity in Asia was a. Manila. b. Batavia. c. Bombay. d. Melaka. e. Hawai`i.

a

The explorer who led three expeditions into the Pacific in the eighteenth century was a. James Cook. b. Ferdinand Magellan. c. Francis Drake. d. Vasco da Gama. e. Vasco Nuñez de Balboa.

a

The first European to sail around the Cape of Good Hope was a. Bartolomeu Dias. b. Vasco da Gama. c. Dom Henrique. d. James Cook. e. Christopher Columbus.

a

When he reached ________, Columbus sent delegates to seek the court of the emperor of China. a. Cuba b. Japan c. Brazil d. Nova Scotia e. modern-day Florida

a

Which of the following was NOT one of the main inspirations for European exploration? a. the desire to conquer China and India b. the search for basic resources c. the desire to establish new trade routes to Asian markets d. the desire to spread Christianity e. the search for lands suitable for cultivation

a

Which of the following were both Chinese inventions? a. sternpost rudder and magnetic compass b. astrolabe and magnetic compass c. lateen sail and astrolabe d. square sail and sternpost rudder e. magnetic compass and lateen sail

a

Russian territorial expansion into northern Eurasia began in the a. fifteenth century. b. sixteenth century. c. seventeenth century. d. eighteenth century. e. nineteenth century.

b

The first circumnavigation of the world was completed in 1522 by a. Francis Drake. b. Ferdinand Magellan. c. Vasco da Gama. d. Ferdinand Magellan's crew. e. Vasco Nuñez de Balboa.

b

By 1750, all parts of the world participated in a global trade network in which Europeans played dominant roles, EXCEPT a. China. b. South America. c. Australia. d. India. e. Africa.

c

Most of the actual exploration of the Pacific Ocean was carried out by the a. Spanish. b. Portuguese. c. English. d. Dutch. e. French.

c

The English explorer James Cook died during a fight in a. Australia. b. New Zealand. c. Hawai`i. d. Tahiti. e. Guam.

c

The Philippines fell to a. James Cook. b. Jan Pieterszoon Coen. c. Miguel López de Legazpi. d. Ferdinand Magellan. e. Zheng He.

c

Which of the following was NOT an advantage the English and Dutch had over the Portuguese? a. They possessed faster, cheaper, and more powerful ships. b. They created joint-stock companies. c. They had much better captains. d. They were wealthier countries. e. They had much larger populations.

c

The most prosperous country in Europe in the seventeenth century was a. England. b. France. c. Spain. d. the Netherlands. e. Russia.

d

Which of the following cities was NOT a Portuguese trading post? a. Goa b. Hormuz c. Melaka d. Bombay e. São Jorge da Mina

d

Ferdinand Magellan established a trade route between Mexico and a. Spain. b. Hawai`i. c. Portugal. d. the Canary Islands. e. the Philippines.

e

In their attempt to control the spice trade in the Indian Ocean, the Europeans during the period between the sixteenth and eighteenth centuries a. achieved a monopoly. b. used an alliance with southern Indian princes to achieve success. c. were never able to displace the Chinese monopoly. d. used their seemingly godlike advantage in technology to establish a theocracy. e. met with limited success because of a lack of personnel.

e

The Portuguese mariner who sailed to Calicut in 1498 was a. Dias. b. Columbus. c. Cook. d. Magellan. e. Vasco da Gama.

e

Under Spanish rule of the Philippines, the native population a. was allowed to follow their own religious traditions. b. was encouraged to pursue a syncretic brand of Christianity. c. converted almost exclusively to Islam. d. followed a classical European north-south Protestant-Catholic geographic split. e. was pressured to convert to Roman Catholicism.

e

Which of the following men conquered the Moroccan port of Ceuta and sponsored a series of voyages down the west African coast? a. Christopher Columbus b. Henry VIII of England c. Francis I of France d. Süleyman the Magnificent of the Ottoman empire e. Henry of Portugal

e