Chapter 23
Nazi death camps killed how many during the course of the war
12 million
August 6, 1945, when the U.S. dropped an atomic bomb on Hiroshima, Japan
140,000 people were killed by the blast, burns, and the radiation
World War 2 lasted from
1939 to1945
With so many men in the war the workforce introduced
6 million women
Japanese alliance with Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy came about because
A new, younger generation of Japanese leaders had taken control of the national government
Reported that Germany's manufacturing capability was "outmoded, tradition-bound, and arthritic"
Albert Speer
Japanese attacks within hours of Pearl Harbor
Aleutian Islands off of Alaska
Significance of the Battle of the Bulge
Allowed U.S. forces to enter Germany
Advantages American manufactures had over German counterparts
Americans made fewer models of the same item, settled for lower standards of precision and quality, but they produced in much greater volume
Fewer deferments and exemptions were granted by draft boards in S states because
Board members were reluctant to draft black men
Roosevelt's Executive Order 9066 directed War Department to
Created military areas from which any and all persons may be excluded
Following Germany's occupation of Poland, Denmark, Norway, Holland, Belgium, Luxembourg, and France, President Roosevelt...
Created the destroyers-for-bases deals and then the Lend/Lease Act
Reaction to the first reports of the horrors of the Nazi concentration camps reach the U.S.
Few took them seriously
Manufacturers of warplanes
Ford Boeing Lockheed
After Germany attacked Poland in September 1939
France and Britain declared war on Germany
In summer of 1942: German Admiral Donitz was confident and American and British Leaders fearful because
German submarines were hitting shipping in the N Atlantic very hard
At the Cairo meeting, Roosevelt persuaded Churchill to
Give up British colonies in India and Burma
What occurred in the 1944 U.S. election
Harry S. Truman replaced Henry A. Wallace as Roosevelt's V.P. running mate
Lend-Lease Act
Helped end the Great Depression
Before Pearl Harbor, these American leaders opposed the war
Henry H. Woodring Joseph P. Kennedy Charles Lindbergh
Economic problems for the U.S. in WWII
Inflation and rising costs
Japanese internment ended following the end of WWII, but first
Internees learned their former homes and businesses were no longer theirs
The U.S. had each of the following advantages
Isolated form attack by large oceans on both coasts More available manufacturing space and manpower than the Axis nations Large sources of needed natural resources and raw materials within its own boarders
Pacific war was brutal for the U.S. because
Japanese lived by a code of no surrender
"The most important things in this war are machines"
Joseph Stalin
In the "Little Steel Agreement", the National War Labor Board
Limited wage increase at eh Bethlehem, Republic, Youngstown, and Inland Steel companies
First exempt of the draft included
Married men
The Great Depression ended in 1940-941 because
Military preparations increased government spending and virtually ended unemployment
Outcome of the Great Depression that created a positive in preparation to wage war
Nearly half of the nations factories were idle (ready to be used, didn't have to build new)
Roosevelt and Churchill agreed on this at the Casablanca Conference
Only accept unconditional surrender from Germany, Japan, and Italy
General Dwight D. Eisenhower led D-Day because
President Roosevelt chose him
During WWII, the U.S. War Production Board
Prohibited the manufacturing of automobiles for private use
First Allied troops to enter Berlin were
Russian
The U.S. resistance stemmed from
Senior military officers feared weakening U.S. defenses Many Government Officials felt Britain would fall quickly Public Opinion was that the current conflict was simply an extension of WWI hostilities
How many Americans served and how many died as a result of WWII
Served: 16 million Died: +405,399
Allied attack on "Fortress Europe" began in
Sicily
Roosevelt's 4 freedoms
Speech and expression From fear To worship God in one's own way
U.S. covered WWII cost by
Taxes Loans E Bonds
One reason U.S.-Japan Relations were hampered was because...
The U.S. continued to provide military support in China
Liberty Ships manufactured for the war effort were noted for
The building speed
The secret Manhattan Project led to
The development of the atomic bomb
September 1939-1941 labeled "Phony Way" because
There was little fighting after the German advance in Poland
January 1943, President Roosevelt
Traveled to North Africa (Casablanca) to meet with Churchill
Battle of Midway Island
Turning point in Pacific Theater Japan lost 4 of 6 aircraft carriers and its planes and pilots
Roosevelt's Executive Order 8802 created the Fair Employment Practices Committee which
barred discrimination by race, creed, color, or national origin in war industries
WWII women were
drafted for wartime industrial work
