Chapter 25: Group 3

What is the basic metabolic rate (BMP)

measured by monitoring respiratory activity; 70 cal/hr or 1680 cal/day in the average individual; the minimum resting energy of an awake, alert person

Which of the following people would be in positive nitrogen balance?

A growing child, an athlete & a pregnant women

Which vitamin is required for the synthesis of visual pigments?

Vitamin A

The trace minerals found in extremely small quantities in the body include __________.

iron, zinc, copper, and manganese

What is meant by the term balanced diet?

A balanced diet supplies all ingredients to maintain homeostasis.

Phoebe grew up in Alaska's interior and played with her friends at recess in temperatures just above 20 degrees Fahrenheit. In fact, administrators would not close her school until temperatures reached 5 degrees Fahrenheit. Which of the following terms describes her adaptation to Alaska's frigid winter climate?

Acclimatization

Which of the following is NOT a way your body generates or conserves heat?

Decreased metabolic rate

The mechanism of heat loss that involves the skin and lung alveoli is _______________.

Evaporation

Why is hypervitaminosis involving water-soluble vitamins relatively uncommon?

Excessive amounts of these vitamins are readily excreted in the urine.

Why are minerals, vitamins, and water classified as essential nutrients?

The body cannot synthesize these nutrients in sufficient quantities.

What chemical in the catabolism of glucose enters the mitochondria?

intrinsic factor

Which of the following is NOT a mineral required by the body?

Thiamine

Milk and eggs are complete proteins because they contain __________.

All the essential amino acids in sufficient quantities

The minimum resting energy expenditure of an awake, alert person is the __________.

Basal metabolic rate

What is the term for the direct transfer of heat energy through physical contact?

Conduction

What is a complete protein?

Contains all the essential amino acids

Which of the following is a nitrogen compound that is important for energy storage in muscle tissue?

Creatine

Which of the following is NOT one of the N compounds (nitrogen-containing compounds) in the body?

Glucose

During open-heart surgery, which of the following thermoregulatory changes is induced in the patient's body?

Hypothermia

The most important factor of good nutrition is obtaining nutrients __________.

In sufficient quantities and qualities

Lucy, a 35-year-old woman, says she cannot lose the fat around her abdomen because it is brown fat. You correct her by saying that the only people who have brown fat are __________.

Infants

Which of the following enables infants to produce or conserve heat?

Lipolysis of brown fat

Which of the following foods are deficient in dietary fiber?

Milk and meat

NAD, a key coenzyme used in the process of producing ATP, is produced from which water-soluble vitamin?

Niacin

An individual's basal metabolic rate ideally represents __________.

the minimum resting energy expenditure of an awake, alert person