Chapter 25 History
The most important agent of the economic change that came with the war was
federal spending.
The role of the Office of Price Administration was to
fight inflation.
In 1942-1943, the British plan to fight the Nazis prioritized
fighting in North Africa.
While living in internment camps, Japanese Americans were
forced to give up their jobs and businesses.
The migration of African Americans out of the rural South ______ the war.
greatly increased during
Roosevelt's campaign of 1940 was unprecedented in that
he was running for a third term.
Japanese Americans interned during World War II were
housed in grim facilities in the western United States.
Technological and scientific innovation greatly increased during World War II, largely due to the
huge amounts of research money spent by the federal government.
In February 1944, under Admiral Chester Nimitz, American naval forces won a series of victories
in the Marshall Islands.
The Fair Employment Practices Commission was established to
investigate racial discrimination in war industries.
The lend-lease system was established after
it passed Congress by wide margins.
Destroyed at Pearl Harbor were
many naval vessels, but no aircraft carriers.
The main American strategy to fight Japan was to
mount two offensive campaigns and attack the Japanese from two directions.
Nuclear weapons were made feasible by the discovery of the radioactivity of ______ in the 1930s.
plutonium
After A. Philip Randolph planned a massive march on Washington to demand integration in companies that held defense contracts, President Roosevelt
promised to establish the Fair Employment Practices Commission.
During World War II, the U.S. government sent Japanese Americans to live in internment camps that were called
relocation centers.
In the midst of the war, Congress ______ the Chinese Exclusion Acts.
repealed
Between 1939 and 1945, the federal budget of the United States
rose ten-fold.
Following the outbreak of hostilities in Europe in September 1939, Roosevelt
sought a revision of the Neutrality Acts.
The Office of Price Administration was
successful but unpopular.
The research to create nuclear weapons that was undertaken by the army soon after the United States entered World War II was known as
the Manhattan Project.
What country pressed for an Allied invasion of France to take place at the earliest possible moment?
the Soviet Union
Who was Chester Nimitz?
the commander of American naval forces in the Pacific
In the early 1940s, the focus on reform that characterized the policies of the New Deal shifted to a focus on
the war in Europe.
In 1942, when the United States interned Japanese Americans in "relocation centers,"
there was no evidence that they presented a risk.
Why did Roosevelt argue that the United States should be able to make armaments available to the Allied armies?
to counter the military advantage that the large German munitions industry gave Hitler
American strategists planned two broad offensives against the Japanese, which they hoped would
eventually come together to invade Japan.
Who commanded the two major American offensives against the Japanese?
-Chester Nimitz -Douglas MacArthur
Why did Congress abolish the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) and the Works Progress Administration (WPA)?
-Mass unemployment decreased the need for such programs. -Conservatives in Congress were eager to dismantle the New Deal.
Which of the following statements regarding the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor are accurate?
-The Japanese suffered light losses in the attack. -American aircraft carriers were out at sea and escaped the attack. -Many American authorities had believed Japan was incapable of an attack on Pearl Harbor. -More than 2,400 American soldiers and sailors died in the attack.
Which of the following describe how the military regarded illicit sexual relationships?
-The military tolerated illicit heterosexual relationships. -The military was intolerant of homosexual relationships.
Which of the following statements regarding the Allied development of an atomic bomb during World War II are accurate?
-The program was code-named the Manhattan Project. -The government secretly poured nearly $2 billion into the project. -Plutonium was a practical fuel for the bomb. -The program proceeded at a faster pace than had been expected.
Why did racial animosity toward the Chinese decline during World War II?
-U.S. government propaganda -greater contact with non-Chinese laborers
Which of the following problems virtually vanished with the coming of the war?
-deflation -unemployment
The USO expected hostesses that served in their clubs to ______ and chat happily with lonely servicemen.
-dress nicely -dance well
What legal immigration loopholes did some Chinese women use to circumvent the minuscule immigrant quota restriction?
-entry rules for fiancées -the war bride provision
True or false: At the end of 1939, belligerents were still barred from buying arms in the United States.
False
True or false: The United States government knew that there was going to be an attack on American soil but did nothing to stop it.
False
True or false: The World War II experience was generally similar among all participants in the war, no matter in what position they served.
False
True or false: The vast majority of soldiers during the war had volunteered their service.
False
Why was passage of the lend-lease program necessary?
Great Britain was bankrupt and could no longer afford the cash-and-carry requirements.
The systematic murder of European Jews and others by Hitler's forces is known as the
Holocaust.
How did the war affect the social and legal status of Chinese Americans?
It enhanced both their social and their legal status.
When did D-Day occur?
June, 1944
The D-Day invasion took place on the beaches of
Normandy.
Which of the following is true of the election of 1940?
Roosevelt won an unprecedented third term as president.
Which of the following is true of the Americans fighting in the two theaters of the war?
They represented a cross-section of the country.
Wendell Willkie, Franklin Roosevelt's principal opponent in the presidential election of 1940, had support from
Time and Life magazines.
True or false: During the war years, audiences equal to about half the nation's population attended movies each week.
True
Believing that the company of friendly, "wholesome" women was critical to sustaining morale, the ______ recruited thousands of young women to serve as hostesses in their clubs.
United Service Organization
By the end of the war, German technology was
advanced but could not produce in the numbers Allied industry could.
Which of the following most contributed to the Allies' growing ability to limit the effectiveness of German submarines?
advances in radar and mine detection technology
On their arrival in Europe, American strategists suggested
an invasion of France.
The United States government acquired definite knowledge of the Holocaust
as early as 1942.
Over the course of the war,
both the federal debt and income taxes increased.
In the summer of 1941, A. Philip Randolph threatened to lead a massive protest on Washington to pressure the government to require integration of
companies with defense contracts.
In the Pacific in early 1944, U.S. submarines
devastated Japanese shipping and the Japanese economy.
During the years of World War II, the entertainment industry
did record business.
