Chapter 26 Lecture

In females, oogenesis begins while that female is still a fetus in her mother's womb.

True

Meiosis II is not completed in the secondary oocyte until after fertilization.

True

The chorionic membrane of the zygote has genes from the father, and is therefore foreign to the mother's immune system.

True

The corpus luteum secretes hormones to maintain the pregnancy for the first 5-6 weeks of gestation; after that, the placenta takes over.

True

The follicular phase is characterized by rising concentrations of estrogen.

True

The stimulus of sucking causes release of prolactin-releasing hormone via a neuroendocrine reflex.

True

A woman with a 28-day menstrual cycle would like to avoid pregnancy without the use of contraceptives. She should avoid sexual intercourse __________ for the best chance of preventing pregnancy. A) 1 day prior to her LH surge B) on days 7-10 C) 2 days after start of the secretory phase D) when basal body temperature is lowest

A) 1 day prior to her LH surge

Choose the hormone that would not result in growth of, or secretion by the ovaries or testes. A) Adrenocorticotropin B) FSH C) LH D) GnRH

A) Adrenocorticotropin

What process occurs as the zygote travels towards the uterus in the fallopian tubes? A) Cleavage B) Fertilization C) Capacitation D) Polyspermy

A) Cleavage

What hormone triggers ovulation? A) LH B) FSHC C) Progesterone D) hCG

A) LH

How many ova are produced by oogenesis of one oogonia? A) One B) Two C) Four D) Eight

A) One

If a physician wanted to measure a woman's peak progesterone production, when should blood work be performed? A) One week after the LH surge B) Day 7 of the ovulation phase C) Two days prior to menstruation is expected D) Day 14 of the menstrual cycle

A) One week after the LH surge

The process of sperm gaining the ability to fertilize an ovum as they pass through the female reproductive tract is called __________. A) capacitation B) receptiveness C) spermatogenesis D) spermiogenesis

A) capacitation

The seven hour period of time after intercourse when the sperm cells get ready for fertilization is called: A) capacitation B) polyspermy C) acrosomal reaction D) cleavage E) cortical reaction

A) capacitation

The maternal contribution to the placenta is the __________. A) decidua basalis B) chorion frondosum C) chorionic villi D) yolk sac

A) decidua basalis

The correct order of the four phases of sexual response is __________. A) excitation, plateau, orgasm, resolution B) plateau, excitation, orgasm, resolution C) orgasm, excitation, resolution, plateau D) resolution, plateau, excitation, orgasm

A) excitation, plateau, orgasm, resolution

The layer of glycoprotein surrounding an ovulated secondary oocyte is called: A) zona pellucida B) blastocyt C) corona radiata D) acrosome E) chorion

A) zona pellucida

A fertilized egg is called a(n) __________. A) zygote B) blastocyst C) morula D) embryo

A) zygote

What is the process that occurs after a mature follicle ruptures and ejects the oocyte into the uterine tube? A) Macula lutea B) Corpus luteum C) Fibroids D) Mature ovarian follicle

B) Corpus luteum

What effect would the changing estrogen and progesterone levels during parturition have on lactation? A) Decreased OT B) Increased PRL C) Increased dopamine D) Decreased TRH

B) Increased PRL

Which of the following is NOT a role of estriol in parturition? A) Produces more receptors for oxytocin B) Produces the hormone relaxin C) Produces more receptors for prostaglandins D) Produces more gap junctions between myometrial cells

B) Produces the hormone relaxin

Ova are fertilized in the __________. A) cervix B) fallopian tubes C) uterus D) vagina

B) fallopian tubes

The secretory phase of the endometrium occurs when the ovary is in the __________ phase. A) follicular B) luteal C) menstrual D) ovulatory

B) luteal

During which phase of the menstrual cycle of the uterus is the uterine lining shed? A) proliferative phase B) menstrual phase C) luteal phase D) secretory phase E) follicular phase

B) menstrual phase

A ball of about eight cells formed about 50 to 60 hours after fertilization is called a __________. A) zygote B) morula C) blastocyst D) embryo

B) morula

The LH surge causes __________. A) menses B) ovulation C) endometrium build-up D) All of the choices are correct.

B) ovulation

The __________ phase of the endometrium is supported when the ovary is in the luteal phase. A) proliferative B) secretory C) menstrual D) ovulatory

B) secretory

The calcium wave that prevents polyspermy also causes __________. A) the sperm to lose its tail B) the secondary oocyte to finish meiosis II C) mitosis to occur D) All of the choices are correct.

B) the secondary oocyte to finish meiosis II

What hormone may play a role in reducing the size of the uterus following delivery? A) Progesterone B) Prostaglandin C) Oxytocin D) Prolactin

C) Oxytocin

In an attempt to penetrate the shell of the egg, the sperm releases digestive enzymes to break down the shell. This process is called: A) capacitation B) polyspermy C) acrosomal reaction D) cleavage

C) acrosomal reaction

The __________ provides enzymes that allow the sperm to digest a pathway through the zona pellucida to the oocyte. A) chorion B) zygote C) acrosome D) blastocyst

C) acrosome

To delay labor, a drug would need to act by __________. A) inhibiting the actions of progesterone B) stimulating the actions of estrogen C) inhibiting the actions of oxytocin D) stimulating the actions of chorionic gonadotropin

C) inhibiting the actions of oxytocin

During which phase of the menstrual cycle of the ovary does the corpus luteum secrete hormones? A) proliferative phase B) menstrual phase C) luteal phase D) secretory phase E) follicular phase

C) luteal phase

What are the small cells produced by the uneven cytoplasmic divisions or oogenesis? A) Thecal cells B) Follicles C) Antrum D) Polar bodies

D) Polar bodies

The fetal portion of the placenta is called the: A) zona pellucida B) decidua C) corona radiata D) chorion

D) chorion

The first mitotic division of the zygote is called: A) capacitation B) polyspermy C) acrosomal reaction D) cleavage

D) cleavage

Initiation of labor involves all of the following EXCEPT __________. A) corticotropin-releasing hormone from the placenta B) DHEAS from the fetal adrenal gland C) cortisol from the mother and fetus D) human chorionic gonadotropin from the placenta

D) human chorionic gonadotropin from the placenta

In what phase of meiosis is the secondary oocyte arrested? A) anaphase I B) anaphase II C) metaphase I D) metaphase II E).prophase I

D) metaphase II

Which of the following structures of the blastocyst go on to become the fetus? A) amnion B) trophoblast cells C) chorion D) outer cell mass E) inner cell mass

E) inner cell mass

During the first trimester of pregnancy, the ovaries are active endocrine glands.

False