chapter 27

Joseph McCarthy burst to national prominence by charging that there were known communists in the A. State Department. B. Defense Department. C. Truman Cabinet. D. Central Intelligence Agency. E. United States Senate.

A. State Department.

In designing the structure of the new United Nations, planners called for A. each nation on the Security Council to have veto power over the others. B. a General Assembly in which select nations would have voting rights. C. the president of the UN to be selected from one of the five major powers. D. membership to be limited to one hundred nations. E. Germany and Japan to be added to the Security Council after twenty-five years.

A. each nation on the Security Council to have veto power over the others.

In 1950, Julius and Ethel Rosenberg were accused of spying for A. the Soviet Union. B. North Korea. C. China. D. Poland. E. Israel.

A. the Soviet Union.

Beginning in 1947, the United States' policy of "containment" was A. the basis for its foreign policy for more than thirty years. B. first applied in Poland. C. an extension of the Atlantic Charter. D. All the answers are correct. E. None of the answers are correct.

A. the basis for its foreign policy for more than thirty years.

Between 1947-1950, Marshall Plan aid A. was offered to the Soviet Union. B. failed to significantly revive European industrial production. C. had little impact on communist influence within nations that accepted aid. D. was opposed by many Republicans in Congress. E. grew more controversial after a Soviet coup in Czechoslovakia in 1948.

A. was offered to the Soviet Union.

After World War II, in Korea, the government of Syngman Rhee A. was pro-Western. B. had a powerful military. C. was supported by the Soviet Union. D. was backed by communists in China. E. was remarkably democratic.

A. was pro-Western.

Julius and Ethel Rosenberg were A. not members of the Communist Party. B. accused of passing American secrets to its enemies. C. convicted and sentenced to life in prison. D. All the answers are correct. E. None of the answers are correct.

B. accused of passing American secrets to its enemies.

In 1948, President Harry Truman responded to the Soviet blockade of West Berlin by A. sending American paratroopers into West Berlin. B. airlifting supplies to West Berlin. C. threatening war with the Soviet Union. D. encouraging the United Nations to pass economic sanctions. E. creating a blockade of East Berlin.

B. airlifting supplies to West Berlin.

In 1950, the Truman administration responded to the onset of fighting in Korea by A. declaring war on North Korea. B. calling on the United Nations to intervene. C. warning China not to intervene. D. threatening the use of atomic weapons. E. telling South Korea to stand down.

B. calling on the United Nations to intervene.

The 1950 National Security Council report known as NSC-68 stated A. western allies must take the initiative in resisting communism in their region. B. the United States must resist communism anywhere it developed in the world. C. the defense of western Europe was the key to winning the fight on communism. D. the United States must gradually increase its level of defense spending. E. that Chinese aggression against Taiwan would result in war.

B. the United States must resist communism anywhere it developed in the world.

The results of the election of 1952 saw A. the Republicans take control of the White House but not the Congress. B. the end to a long period of Democratic dominance. C. a close outcome between the two major parties. D. All the answers are correct. E. None of the answers are correct.

B. the end to a long period of Democratic dominance.

When Joseph McCarthy first leveled charges of communist infiltration in the government, he was a A. member of the State Department. B. private citizen. C. first-term Republican senator. D. member of the Defense Department. E. Democratic member of the House.

C. first-term Republican senator.

During Joseph McCarthy's investigation into alleged subversion in government A. Republicans criticized his broad attacks on the Democratic Party. B. Dwight Eisenhower spoke against him after McCarthy attacked George Marshall in 1952. C. he never produced conclusive evidence that any federal employee was a communist. D. much of the public criticized his blunt tactics and coarse behavior. E. he drew particularly strong support from the "eastern establishment."

C. he never produced conclusive evidence that any federal employee was a communist.

In 1950, the immediate cause of the Korean War was the A. decision by the United States to send troops to South Korea. B. triumph of communism in China. C. military invasion by North Korea into South Korea. D. division of Korea into northern and southern halves. E. military invasion of North Korea by China.

C. military invasion by North Korea into South Korea.

All of the following statements regarding Korea are true EXCEPT A. in 1945, both the United States and the Soviet Union had troops in Korea. B. the Soviet Union established a communist government in the north. C. the United States left Korea in 1946. D. the Soviet Union left Korea in 1949. E. the country was divided along the 38th parallel.

C. the United States left Korea in 1946.

At the conclusion of the Yalta Conference in 1945, basic disagreements remained on A. the government of Poland. B. the unification of Germany. C. war reparations to the Soviet Union. D. All the answers are correct. E. None of the answers are correct.

D. All the answers are correct.

In 1947, the Truman Doctrine A. asserted it was the obligation of the United States to support free peoples around the world. B. assumed the Soviet Union would continually attempt a global expansion of its authority. C. was originally invoked to provide aid to Greece and Turkey. D. All the answers are correct. E. None of the answers are correct.

D. All the answers are correct.

In early 1945, at the Yalta Conference A. Franklin Roosevelt was too ill to attend. B. Joseph Stalin withdrew a promise to enter the Pacific war. C. Winston Churchill left early in a dispute with Stalin. D. it was agreed the Soviet Union should regain land lost in the 1904 Russo-Japanese War. E. Joseph Stalin refused to agree to Roosevelt and Churchill's plans for the United Nations.

D. it was agreed the Soviet Union should regain land lost in the 1904 Russo-Japanese War.

In 1948, the Soviet Union's blockade of West Berlin was primarily a response to A. the Marshall Plan. B. the United States putting nuclear missiles in Turkey. C. the establishment of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. D. the Truman Doctrine. E. the creation of a unified West Germany.

E. the creation of a unified West Germany.

In 1947, the United States was motivated to develop the Marshall Plan due to A. a humanitarian concern for European people. B. a desire to contain communism in Europe. C. a desire to create strong European markets for American goods. D. All the answers are correct. E. None of the answers are correct.

D. All the answers are correct.

The National Security Act of 1947 created the A. National Security Council. B. Central Intelligence Agency. C. Department of Defense. D. All the answers are correct. E. None of the answers are correct.

D. All the answers are correct.

As a result of the Korean War, the A. American economy was dragged into a recession. B. American public felt reassured that communism was being contained. C. stature of the American military increased. D. American public believed there was something wrong with the United States. E. government reduced the amount of money it was pumping into the economy.

D. American public believed there was something wrong with the United States.