Chapter 27 - Soft Tissue Injuries

A burn that is characterized by redness and pain is classified as a: A. superficial burn. B. second-degree burn. C. full-thickness burn. D. partial-thickness burn.

A

A closed soft-tissue injury characterized by swelling and ecchymosis is called a(n): A. contusion. B. abrasion. C. crush injury. D. hematoma.

A

A partial-thickness burn involves the outer layer of skin and a portion of the: A. dermal layer. B. muscle fascia. C. fatty layer. D. epidermis.

A

According to the rule of palm method for estimating the extent of a patient's burns, the palm of the patient's hand is equal to _____ of his or her total body surface area. A. 1% B. 2% C. 4% D. 6%

A

Common signs and symptoms of an airway burn include all of the following, except: A. chest pressure. B. hoarseness. C. soot around the mouth. D. singed nasal hair.

A

In addition to external bleeding, the most significant risk that an open soft-tissue injury exposes a patient to is: A. infection. B. nerve damage. C. hypothermia. D. vessel damage.

A

In which of the following patients should you remove an impaled object? A. A pulseless and apneic patient with a knife impaled in the back B. A conscious and alert patient with a fishhook impaled in the eye C. An apneic patient with a shard of glass impaled in the abdomen D. A semiconscious patient with an ice pick impaled in the chest

A

When treating a partial-thickness burn, you should: A. avoid the use of creams, lotions, or antiseptics. B. immerse the affected part in warm water. C. cover the burn with a moist, sterile dressing. D. rupture any blisters to prevent an infection.

A

Which of the following is a severe burn in a 65-year-old patient? A. Partial-thickness burn to 20% of the body surface area B. Second-degree burn covering 10% of the body surface area C. Full-thickness burn to 1% of the body surface area D. Superficial burn to 30% of the body surface area

A

Which of the following statements regarding penetrating injuries is correct? A. External bleeding might be minimal, but internal injuries can be extensive. B. It is important to distinguish between entrance and exit wounds in the field. C. The depth of a penetrating injury should be thoroughly assessed by the EMT. D. The degree of internal injury can often be estimated by the external injury.

A

A 38-year-old male was electrocuted while attempting to wire a house. Your assessment reveals that he is unresponsive, pulseless, and apneic. A coworker has shut off the power to the house. You should: A. begin CPR and transport at once. B. begin CPR and apply the AED. C. assess for entry and exit wounds. D. fully immobilize his spinal column.

B

During an altercation in a bar, two patrons got into a fist fight. The first patient, a 44-year-old female, was struck in the mouth and refuses EMS care. The second patient, a 39-year-old female, has a small laceration to her left knuckle and also refuses EMS care. Which of the following statements regarding this scenario is correct? A. The 44-year-old female is at high risk for an infection. B. The 39-year-old female is at high risk for an infection. C. The patient struck in the mouth should be immobilized. D. You should contact the police and have the patients arrested.

B

When caring for a patient whose arm is covered with a dry chemical, you should: A. use forceful streams of water to remove the chemical. B. brush away the chemical before flushing with water. C. deactivate the chemical with a 5% vinegar solution. D. quickly irrigate the arm with large amounts of water.

B

Which of the following processes occurs during the inflammation phase of the healing process? A.The blood vessels in and around the injury site constrict, which forces bacteria and other microorganisms away, thus preventing significant infection. B.The immune system releases histamines, which cause vasodilation and increased capillary permeability, resulting in local redness and swelling. C.The veins and arteries at the injury site constrict and platelets aggregate, which stops bleeding and causes a temporary increase in the size of the wound. D.White blood cells are forced away from the injury site, thus allowing an increase in the flow of red blood cells, resulting in increased blood flow.

B

Which of the following statements regarding electrical burns is correct? A. The size of the entry and exit wounds is a reliable indicator of internal damage. B. Entrance wounds are small relative to the amount of internal tissue damage. C. Respiratory or cardiac arrest following an electrical burn is very uncommon. D. The exit wound caused by electrical burns is smaller than the entrance wound.

B

Which of the following statements regarding the rule of nines is correct? A. The anterior arm in the adult is equal to 9% of the total body surface area. B. The anterior trunk of an adult is equal to 18% of the body surface area. C. A child's head is equal to 14% of his or her total body surface area. D. The posterior of a child's leg is equal to 13.5% of the body surface area.

B

In contrast to animal bites, the bite of a human: A. is associated with a much higher incidence of rabies infection. B. typically results in a minor infection that is slow-spreading. C. carries with it a wide variety of virulent bacteria and viruses. D. is usually less severe because the human mouth is cleaner.

C

Which of the following is a severe burn in a 35-year-old patient? A. Full-thickness burn to 5% of the body surface area B. Partial-thickness burn to 20% of the body surface area C. Circumferential partial-thickness burn to the chest D. Superficial burn covering 50% of the body surface area

C

Which of the following open soft-tissue injuries is limited to the superficial layer of the skin and results in the least amount of blood loss? A. Avulsion B. Incision C. Abrasion D. Laceration

C

You are assessing a 30-year-old woman with multiple large bruises to her chest and abdomen that she experienced during an assault. She is conscious but restless, and her skin is cool and pale. You should be most concerned with: A. performing a detailed secondary assessment to locate all of her injuries. B. obtaining a complete set of vital signs to rule out the possibility of shock. C. the fact that her clinical signs could indicate that she is bleeding internally. D. assessing the bruises that overlie major organs in the chest and abdomen.

C

You have applied a dressing and roller-gauze bandage to a laceration on the arm of a young female. During transport, she begins to complain of numbness and tingling in her hand. You should: A. remove the bandage and dressing and apply another one. B. remove the gauze bandage and replace it with an elastic one. C. assess distal circulation and readjust the bandage as needed. D. carefully manipulate her arm until the symptoms subside.

C

A laceration: A. rarely penetrates through the subcutaneous tissue to the muscle. B. is an injury that separates various layers of soft tissue. C. is a sharp, smooth cut that is made by a surgical scalpel. D. is a jagged cut caused by a sharp object or blunt force trauma.

D

All of the following body structures are lined with mucous membranes, except for the: A. mouth. B. anus. C. nose. D. lips.

D

For electricity to flow through the body and cause damage: A. the person must make direct physical contact with the source of electricity. B. the part of the body that is in contact with the electrical source must be dry. C. an insulator must exist between the electrical source and the patient. D. a complete circuit must exist between the electrical source and the ground.

D

Functions of dressings and bandages include all of the following, except: A. protection from further injury. B. prevention of contamination. C. control of external hemorrhage. D. immobilization of the injury.

D