Chapter 28
at high doses, narcotics can cause excitment in
horses
joint supplements are used more commonly in _____ than in any other species
horses
_____ refers to an increased response to a stimulus that is normally painful so that less and less stimulation is required to produce pain, whereas ____ refers to the production of pain in response to a stimulus that does not normally provoke pain
hyperalgesia; allodynis
the analgesic effect of opoids is due to their
interaction with specific opiod receptors in the brain and spinal cord
lidocaine and bupivacaine are example of which drug class
local anesthetics
the analgestic effect of NSAIDs is due to
modification of the inflammatory response
you are about to administer medication to a 24 month old dairy cow. you understand that one drug that is prohibited for this patient is
phenybutazone
in small animals, loud, perisitent vocalizing after an operation in generally considered a
sign of significant pain and/or anxiety that needs attention
multimodal analgesia takes advantage of the _____ obtained by combining two or more classes of analgesic drugs to alter more than one phase
synergistic effect
which of the following best describes the concept of preemptive analgesia
the best way to treat pain is to prevent it
which of the following describes the transduction phase of nocieption
the conversion of energy into an electrical impulse
what is the best way to determine wheter the patient needs analgesics
the rule of thumb is that is a procedure would be painful for you to endure, it is likely that it is painful for the animal
the presence of both hyperalgesia and allodynia collectively is called
the wind-up phenomenon
whic is the correct order of the phases of nociception
tranduction, transmission, modulation
which of the following statements concerining transdustion is most accurate
transduction is the conversion of energy into electrical in specialized nerve ending in resonse to pain that exceeds that nociceptors threshold
kappa and mu are
types of opiod receptors int the central nervous system
pain is considered to play such an important role in overall health and well eing that it is now considered a fifth
vital sign
which trait of siberian huskies and dobermans makes people think of them as more "sensitive" to pain than other breeds
vocolizing regulary
when discussing with the clinican, which of the following is the best way to phrase the technicians concern
'hanks pain seems to be causing him quite a bit of distress, he's gnawing at his leg until it bleeds, and he hasnt slept for more than a few hours at a time. may i increase his analgesic dosage to see if it makes him more comfortable"
elective soft tissue procedures for dogs, such as spaying or castration, usually require how many days of postoperative treatment with NSAIDs
3 to 4 days
a new horse owner calls to say her 6 year old quater horse gelding is sweating, kicking at his abdomen, pawing, and rolling. this horse is exhibiting signs of
abdominal pain (colic)
one common physiologic reponse to pain is
an increase heart rate blood pressure level
which of the following is a normal finding when using a2- agonists
bradycardia
a 2 year old bernese moustian dog is bitting, licking, and scratching at the bandahe placed over the site of a recent surgical cranial crucite-ligament repair. the best way to handle him is to
evaluate him for pain, treat his pain as necessary, and then restrain him from chewing
the term antipyretic is used to describe a drug that relieves
fever
in both the horse and dog, what is the most commonly encountered adverse reaction to NSAIDs
gastrointestinal upset