Chapter 28

at high doses, narcotics can cause excitment in

horses

joint supplements are used more commonly in _____ than in any other species

horses

_____ refers to an increased response to a stimulus that is normally painful so that less and less stimulation is required to produce pain, whereas ____ refers to the production of pain in response to a stimulus that does not normally provoke pain

hyperalgesia; allodynis

the analgesic effect of opoids is due to their

interaction with specific opiod receptors in the brain and spinal cord

lidocaine and bupivacaine are example of which drug class

local anesthetics

the analgestic effect of NSAIDs is due to

modification of the inflammatory response

you are about to administer medication to a 24 month old dairy cow. you understand that one drug that is prohibited for this patient is

phenybutazone

in small animals, loud, perisitent vocalizing after an operation in generally considered a

sign of significant pain and/or anxiety that needs attention

multimodal analgesia takes advantage of the _____ obtained by combining two or more classes of analgesic drugs to alter more than one phase

synergistic effect

which of the following best describes the concept of preemptive analgesia

the best way to treat pain is to prevent it

which of the following describes the transduction phase of nocieption

the conversion of energy into an electrical impulse

what is the best way to determine wheter the patient needs analgesics

the rule of thumb is that is a procedure would be painful for you to endure, it is likely that it is painful for the animal

the presence of both hyperalgesia and allodynia collectively is called

the wind-up phenomenon

whic is the correct order of the phases of nociception

tranduction, transmission, modulation

which of the following statements concerining transdustion is most accurate

transduction is the conversion of energy into electrical in specialized nerve ending in resonse to pain that exceeds that nociceptors threshold

kappa and mu are

types of opiod receptors int the central nervous system

pain is considered to play such an important role in overall health and well eing that it is now considered a fifth

vital sign

which trait of siberian huskies and dobermans makes people think of them as more "sensitive" to pain than other breeds

vocolizing regulary

when discussing with the clinican, which of the following is the best way to phrase the technicians concern

'hanks pain seems to be causing him quite a bit of distress, he's gnawing at his leg until it bleeds, and he hasnt slept for more than a few hours at a time. may i increase his analgesic dosage to see if it makes him more comfortable"

elective soft tissue procedures for dogs, such as spaying or castration, usually require how many days of postoperative treatment with NSAIDs

3 to 4 days

a new horse owner calls to say her 6 year old quater horse gelding is sweating, kicking at his abdomen, pawing, and rolling. this horse is exhibiting signs of

abdominal pain (colic)

one common physiologic reponse to pain is

an increase heart rate blood pressure level

which of the following is a normal finding when using a2- agonists

bradycardia

a 2 year old bernese moustian dog is bitting, licking, and scratching at the bandahe placed over the site of a recent surgical cranial crucite-ligament repair. the best way to handle him is to

evaluate him for pain, treat his pain as necessary, and then restrain him from chewing

the term antipyretic is used to describe a drug that relieves

fever

in both the horse and dog, what is the most commonly encountered adverse reaction to NSAIDs

gastrointestinal upset