Chapter 28: Management of Patients with Structural, Infectious and Inflammatory Cardiac Disorders: Part 3

"I can still drink coffee and tea."

A client with a forceful, pounding heartbeat is diagnosed with mitral valve prolapse. Which client statement indicates to the nurse a need for additional teaching?

Pulmonic valve

Which valve lies between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery?

Pericarditis

A client comes into the emergency department reporting about chest pain that gets worse when taking deep breaths and lying down. After ruling out a myocardial infarction, a nurse would assess for which diagnosis?

Leaning forward while sitting

A client who suffered blunt chest trauma in a motor vehicle accident reports chest pain during deep inspiration. On auscultation, the nurse detects a pericardial friction rub — a classic sign of acute pericarditis. To relieve this chest pain, which position should the nurse encourage the client to assume?

quick, sharp strokes that suddenly collapse

A nurse is assigned to the medical intensive care unit. The nurse ascultates a water-hammer pulse. What will the sound resemble?

Severe heart failure

A nurse is caring for a client with acute mitral regurgitation related to an acute myocardial infarction. The nurse knows to monitor the client carefully for symptoms of which initial complication or result?

Left ventricular assist device

A nurse is caring for a client with end-stage cardiomyopathy and the client's spouse asks the nurse to clarify one of the last treatment options available that the health care provider mentioned earlier. What option will the nurse most likely discuss?

the high risk for complications if she becomes pregnant while taking warfarin

A nurse is caring for a young female adult client diagnosed with atrial fibrillation who has just had a mitral valve replacement. The client is being discharged with prescribed warfarin. The client mentions to the nurse that she relies on the rhythm method for birth control. What education will be a priority for the nurse to provide to this client?

increased resistance of a narrowed orifice between the left atrium and the left ventricle

A nurse is teaching a client about mitral stenosis and the effect on blood flow in the heart. What is teaching point of the disruption to the normal flow of blood through the heart from the mitral stenosis?

Hypertrophic

A nurse reviewing a client's echocardiogram report reads the following statements: "The heart muscle is asymmetrically thickened and the overall size and mass are increased, especially along the septum. The ventricular walls are thickened, reducing the size of the ventricular cavities. Several areas of the myocardium show evidence of scaring." The nurse knows these manifestations are indicative of which type of cardiomyopathy?

Commissurotomy

A patient has been diagnosed with fused mitral leaflets, causing a backward flow of blood. What type of procedure does the nurse know is commonly performed for this type of problem?

History of aortic valve replacement

An adult client with a tentative diagnosis of infective endocarditis is admitted to an acute care facility. The medical history reveals diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and pernicious anemia. The client underwent an appendectomy 20 years earlier and an aortic valve replacement 2 years before this admission. What history finding is a major risk factor for infective endocarditis?

Right ventricle to the right atrium.

It is important for a nurse to be aware of the normal hemodynamics of blood flow to recognize and understand pathology when it occurs. The nurse should know that incomplete closure of the tricuspid valve results in a backward flow of blood from the:

reports of constant chest pain

The nurse completes an assessment of a client admitted with pericarditis. What client symptom will the nurse correlate with the diagnosis of pericarditis?

An extra heart sound

The nurse is auscultating the heart of a client diagnosed with mitral valve prolapse. Which is often the first and only manifestation of mitral valve prolapse?

Myocardial biopsy

The nurse is caring for a client newly diagnosed with myocarditis. Which diagnostic test would the nurse find most helpful in confirming the diagnosis?

"I will avoid caffeine, alcohol, and smoking."

The nurse is educating a client about the care related to a new diagnosis of mitral valve prolapse. What statement made by the client demonstrates understanding of the teaching?

Administer the medication as ordered.

The nurse is preparing to administer warfarin to a client with a mechanical valve replacement. The client's international normalized ratio is 2.7. What action will the nurse take?

Maintain the client on bed rest

Which nursing intervention should a nurse perform to reduce cardiac workload in a client diagnosed with myocarditis?

Maintain the client on bed rest.

Which nursing intervention should a nurse perform to reduce cardiac workload in a client diagnosed with myocarditis?