Chapter 3 Chem Review

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What elements make up hard water?

Calcium and Magnesium

Coal is almost entirely made of _______

Carbon

Demitri Mendeleev

Chemical and physical properties of elements repeated in an orderly way when organized according to atomic mass; Able to predict undiscovered elements

Periodic Law

Chemical and physical properties repeat in a regular pattern when arranged in increasing atomic number

What is Silicon used in?

Circuit boards as a semiconductor

Which is the most reactive halogen?

Fluorine

What are the two forms of carbon?

Graphite and diamond

The most abundant METAL in the Earth's crust is ________

Aluminum

What elements are used in lights?

Argon and Neon

Epsom Salts contain ________

Magnesium

What element is found in antacids?

Magnesium

What is the Lewis Dot Diagram of Nitrogen?

N surrounded by 5 dots

When mixed with hydrogen, what does sulfur smell like?

Rotten eggs

Why are alkali metals so reactive?

They have exactly one electron on their outer shell

Why are metals so reactive?

They have fewer valence electrons

Group

Vertical column

Elements up to ______ have been discovered/created

118

Of buildings built in the 1970s, 2000s, and now, which would have the highest risk of lead poisoning?

1970s

Lathinides

1st row of Inner Transition Metals, natural, catalysts

How many valence electrons are found in the Alkaline Earth Metals?

2

Oxygen makes up ______ percentage of our atmosphere

21

Actinides

2nd row of Inner Transition Metals, synthetic, radioactive

What groups are the Transition Metals

3-12

How many valence electrons does Chlorine have?

7

What is the atmosphere made of?

78% N, 21% O

Polonium is a radioactive element that is used as

A power source in space probes/satellites

What group is highly reactive with are and must be stored in oil?

Alkali metals

What is the Lewis Dot Diagram of Arsenic?

As surrounded by 5 dots

What element is needed to guarantee normal bone growth?

Calcium

This element takes on a number of different forms based on its arrangement

Carbon

Tin is used to

Coat other metals to prevent corrosion

What are the metalloids?

Elements have metallic and nonmetallic properties.

One characteristic of Metalloids

Good conductor

What group is Alkaline Earth Metals?

Group 2

Alkali Metals

Group one of the Periodic Table

Group 7 salt formers that have the highest desire to bond

Halogen

What Noble Gas make balloons float?

Helium

This element is used in treating bipolar disorder

Lithium

Which elements are used in fireworks?

Magnesium and Potassium

This element is a liquid metal

Mercury

Silicon, arsenic, boron are _________

Metalloids

Most elements on the periodic table are ____

Metals

What inorganic molecule is produced by lightning?

Ozone

What is an element that is dangerous and radioactive?

Plutonium (Inner Transition Metal)

Chlorofluorocarbons are pollutants that cause

Ozone to break down

This non-metal occurs in red, white and black forms; found in matches and fertilizers

Phosphorus

Henry Mosley

Proposed rearranging the elements according to atomic number (the modern arrangement)

Lead Apron is used to

Protect the reproductive/blood forming tissue from radiation

What is an nonreactive element?

Radon (Noble Gas)

Lanthanides and Actinides are referred to as what?

Rare Earth Metals

What does the zig zag line on the periodic table do?

Separates metals from non metals

Metals

Shiny and malleable

Ductility is

The ability of a material to be drawn or stretched

What do elements in a group have in common?

The number of valence electrons

This element is used in joint replacements

Titanium

Transition element

Varying number of valance electrons, good conductors

What is a symptom of iodine deficiency?

Weight gain

What is the ozone layer made of?

O^3

Where are most metals on the periodic table?

On the left side and in the middle

The most abundant element in the Earth's crust is ________

Oxygen

Why is Chlorine used in pools?

It kills harmful organisms

Why is the ozone layer important?

It protects us from the sun's radiation

Who is responsible for organizing the periodic table into triads?

JW Dobereiner

Period

Horizontal row

What is the lightest element?

Hydrogen

Noble gasses are

Inert, colorless, and odorless

Thyroid conditions can be caused by a lack of _______

Iodine

What metal is a good conductor, but expensive?

Silver

Selenium is found in _________

Skin products

At room temp, most elements are in what state?

Solid

Fluoride is needed to

Strengthen tooth enamel


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