Chapter 3 Chem Review
What elements make up hard water?
Calcium and Magnesium
Coal is almost entirely made of _______
Carbon
Demitri Mendeleev
Chemical and physical properties of elements repeated in an orderly way when organized according to atomic mass; Able to predict undiscovered elements
Periodic Law
Chemical and physical properties repeat in a regular pattern when arranged in increasing atomic number
What is Silicon used in?
Circuit boards as a semiconductor
Which is the most reactive halogen?
Fluorine
What are the two forms of carbon?
Graphite and diamond
The most abundant METAL in the Earth's crust is ________
Aluminum
What elements are used in lights?
Argon and Neon
Epsom Salts contain ________
Magnesium
What element is found in antacids?
Magnesium
What is the Lewis Dot Diagram of Nitrogen?
N surrounded by 5 dots
When mixed with hydrogen, what does sulfur smell like?
Rotten eggs
Why are alkali metals so reactive?
They have exactly one electron on their outer shell
Why are metals so reactive?
They have fewer valence electrons
Group
Vertical column
Elements up to ______ have been discovered/created
118
Of buildings built in the 1970s, 2000s, and now, which would have the highest risk of lead poisoning?
1970s
Lathinides
1st row of Inner Transition Metals, natural, catalysts
How many valence electrons are found in the Alkaline Earth Metals?
2
Oxygen makes up ______ percentage of our atmosphere
21
Actinides
2nd row of Inner Transition Metals, synthetic, radioactive
What groups are the Transition Metals
3-12
How many valence electrons does Chlorine have?
7
What is the atmosphere made of?
78% N, 21% O
Polonium is a radioactive element that is used as
A power source in space probes/satellites
What group is highly reactive with are and must be stored in oil?
Alkali metals
What is the Lewis Dot Diagram of Arsenic?
As surrounded by 5 dots
What element is needed to guarantee normal bone growth?
Calcium
This element takes on a number of different forms based on its arrangement
Carbon
Tin is used to
Coat other metals to prevent corrosion
What are the metalloids?
Elements have metallic and nonmetallic properties.
One characteristic of Metalloids
Good conductor
What group is Alkaline Earth Metals?
Group 2
Alkali Metals
Group one of the Periodic Table
Group 7 salt formers that have the highest desire to bond
Halogen
What Noble Gas make balloons float?
Helium
This element is used in treating bipolar disorder
Lithium
Which elements are used in fireworks?
Magnesium and Potassium
This element is a liquid metal
Mercury
Silicon, arsenic, boron are _________
Metalloids
Most elements on the periodic table are ____
Metals
What inorganic molecule is produced by lightning?
Ozone
What is an element that is dangerous and radioactive?
Plutonium (Inner Transition Metal)
Chlorofluorocarbons are pollutants that cause
Ozone to break down
This non-metal occurs in red, white and black forms; found in matches and fertilizers
Phosphorus
Henry Mosley
Proposed rearranging the elements according to atomic number (the modern arrangement)
Lead Apron is used to
Protect the reproductive/blood forming tissue from radiation
What is an nonreactive element?
Radon (Noble Gas)
Lanthanides and Actinides are referred to as what?
Rare Earth Metals
What does the zig zag line on the periodic table do?
Separates metals from non metals
Metals
Shiny and malleable
Ductility is
The ability of a material to be drawn or stretched
What do elements in a group have in common?
The number of valence electrons
This element is used in joint replacements
Titanium
Transition element
Varying number of valance electrons, good conductors
What is a symptom of iodine deficiency?
Weight gain
What is the ozone layer made of?
O^3
Where are most metals on the periodic table?
On the left side and in the middle
The most abundant element in the Earth's crust is ________
Oxygen
Why is Chlorine used in pools?
It kills harmful organisms
Why is the ozone layer important?
It protects us from the sun's radiation
Who is responsible for organizing the periodic table into triads?
JW Dobereiner
Period
Horizontal row
What is the lightest element?
Hydrogen
Noble gasses are
Inert, colorless, and odorless
Thyroid conditions can be caused by a lack of _______
Iodine
What metal is a good conductor, but expensive?
Silver
Selenium is found in _________
Skin products
At room temp, most elements are in what state?
Solid
Fluoride is needed to
Strengthen tooth enamel
