chapter 3 : four big validities

which validities are of more importance

construct : always of high importance to measure/manipulate external :essential when making frequency claims, desirable for association claims, not imp. for casual claims statistical: always important internal : essential for making casual claims , irrelevant for other claims

what is the application of the four validities to frequency claims

construct : how well was a variable measured external : how well does a variable represent the other variable statistical : how strong is the relationship? internal : irrelevant

application of four validities to casual claims

construct : how well was variable ,measured external: appropriate generalization about a variable statistical: is the variable statistically significant internal : eliminate all alternative explanations

what are the four big validities?

construct, external, statistical, internal

application of the four validities to association claims

construct: how well was a variable measured external : appropriate generalization about a variable statistical : how strong is the relationship internal: irrevelant

what does construct validity evaluate ?

if operational definitions of variables in a study are appropriate

which of the four validities are the most imp.

largely depends on what kind of claim the researcher is making and what his/her priorities are

example of external validity

listening to classical music enhances intelligence study was done with a sample of 200 US school children

what is internal validity

refers to a study's ability to eliminate alternative explanations for casual relationships

what is construct validity?

refers to how well the variables in a study are measured or manipulated

what is external validity

refers to the extent to which th e results of a study can be generalized to some larger population

what is statistical validity

refers to the strength of statistical evidence supporting a claim

examples of construct validity

venting anger experiment manipulated variable : venting (was venting appropriately manipulated ) measured variable :anger (was anger appropriately measured)