chapter 3 : four big validities
which validities are of more importance
construct : always of high importance to measure/manipulate external :essential when making frequency claims, desirable for association claims, not imp. for casual claims statistical: always important internal : essential for making casual claims , irrelevant for other claims
what is the application of the four validities to frequency claims
construct : how well was a variable measured external : how well does a variable represent the other variable statistical : how strong is the relationship? internal : irrelevant
application of four validities to casual claims
construct : how well was variable ,measured external: appropriate generalization about a variable statistical: is the variable statistically significant internal : eliminate all alternative explanations
what are the four big validities?
construct, external, statistical, internal
application of the four validities to association claims
construct: how well was a variable measured external : appropriate generalization about a variable statistical : how strong is the relationship internal: irrevelant
what does construct validity evaluate ?
if operational definitions of variables in a study are appropriate
which of the four validities are the most imp.
largely depends on what kind of claim the researcher is making and what his/her priorities are
example of external validity
listening to classical music enhances intelligence study was done with a sample of 200 US school children
what is internal validity
refers to a study's ability to eliminate alternative explanations for casual relationships
what is construct validity?
refers to how well the variables in a study are measured or manipulated
what is external validity
refers to the extent to which th e results of a study can be generalized to some larger population
what is statistical validity
refers to the strength of statistical evidence supporting a claim
examples of construct validity
venting anger experiment manipulated variable : venting (was venting appropriately manipulated ) measured variable :anger (was anger appropriately measured)