Chapter 3-Individual Characteristics
Self-efficacy
a person's confidence in his or her ability to organize and execute the courses of action necessary to accomplish a specific task
Workplace bullying
a repeated mistreatment of another employee through verbal abuse; conduct that is threatening, humiliating, or intimidating; or sabotage that interferes with the other person's work
"Big Five" personality traits
a set of fundamental traits that are especially relevant to organizations
Machiavellianism
a trait causing a person to behave in ways to gain power and control the behavior of others
Agreeableness
ability to get along with others
Emotional Intelligence
an interpersonal capability that includes the ability to perceive and express emotions, to understand and use them, and to manage emotions in oneself and other people
MBTI
Myers-Briggs Type Indicator
What are the two types of personality traits
Type A & Type B
Type B personality
more relaxed and go with the flow
self-esteem
our feelings of high or low self-worth
Individual Differences
personal attributes that vary from one person to another
Type A personality
personality type that describes people who are competitive, driven, hostile, and ambitious
Concientiousness
refers to the extent to which a person can be counted on to get things done
Tolerance for ambiguity
reflects the tendency to view ambiguous situations as either threatening or desirable
Multiple intelligences
suggests that there are a number of distinct forms of intelligence that each individual possesses in varying degrees
Authoritarianism
the belief that power and status differences are appropriate within hierarchical social systems such as organizations
openness
the capacity to entertain new ideas and to change as a result of new information
General mental ability
the capacity to rapidly and fluidly acquire, process, and apply information
Tolerance for risk
the degree to which a person is comfortable with risk and is willing to take chances and make risky decisions
Person-group fit
the extent to which an individual fits with the workgroup's and supervisor's work styles, skills, and goals
Locus of control
the extent to which one believes one's circumstances are a function of either one's own actions or of external factors beyond one's control
Person-job fit
the fit between a person's abilities and the demands of the job and the fit between a person's desires and motivations and the attributes and rewards of a job
Person-vocation fit
the fit between a person's interests, abilities, values, and personality and a profession
Person-organization fit
the fit between an individual's values, beliefs, and personality and the values, norms, and culture of the organization
Extraversion
the quality of being comfortable with relationships
Personality
the relatively stable set of psychological attributes that distinguish one person from another
Introversion
the tendency to be less comfortable in relationships and social situations
General self-efficacy
your generalized belief that you will be successful at whatever challenges or tasks you might face
What are the "Big Five" personality traits
1. agreeableness 2. conscientiousness 3. negative emotionality 4. extraversion 5. openness
Neuroticism
characterized by a person's tendency to experience unpleasant emotions such as anger, anxiety, depression, and feelings of vulnerability
Realistic job previews (RJPs)
involve the presentation of both positive and potentially negative information to job candidates
Information processing capacity
involves the manner in which individuals process and organize information