Chapter 3-Individual Characteristics

Self-efficacy

a person's confidence in his or her ability to organize and execute the courses of action necessary to accomplish a specific task

Workplace bullying

a repeated mistreatment of another employee through verbal abuse; conduct that is threatening, humiliating, or intimidating; or sabotage that interferes with the other person's work

"Big Five" personality traits

a set of fundamental traits that are especially relevant to organizations

Machiavellianism

a trait causing a person to behave in ways to gain power and control the behavior of others

Agreeableness

ability to get along with others

Emotional Intelligence

an interpersonal capability that includes the ability to perceive and express emotions, to understand and use them, and to manage emotions in oneself and other people

MBTI

Myers-Briggs Type Indicator

What are the two types of personality traits

Type A & Type B

Type B personality

more relaxed and go with the flow

self-esteem

our feelings of high or low self-worth

Individual Differences

personal attributes that vary from one person to another

Type A personality

personality type that describes people who are competitive, driven, hostile, and ambitious

Concientiousness

refers to the extent to which a person can be counted on to get things done

Tolerance for ambiguity

reflects the tendency to view ambiguous situations as either threatening or desirable

Multiple intelligences

suggests that there are a number of distinct forms of intelligence that each individual possesses in varying degrees

Authoritarianism

the belief that power and status differences are appropriate within hierarchical social systems such as organizations

openness

the capacity to entertain new ideas and to change as a result of new information

General mental ability

the capacity to rapidly and fluidly acquire, process, and apply information

Tolerance for risk

the degree to which a person is comfortable with risk and is willing to take chances and make risky decisions

Person-group fit

the extent to which an individual fits with the workgroup's and supervisor's work styles, skills, and goals

Locus of control

the extent to which one believes one's circumstances are a function of either one's own actions or of external factors beyond one's control

Person-job fit

the fit between a person's abilities and the demands of the job and the fit between a person's desires and motivations and the attributes and rewards of a job

Person-vocation fit

the fit between a person's interests, abilities, values, and personality and a profession

Person-organization fit

the fit between an individual's values, beliefs, and personality and the values, norms, and culture of the organization

Extraversion

the quality of being comfortable with relationships

Personality

the relatively stable set of psychological attributes that distinguish one person from another

Introversion

the tendency to be less comfortable in relationships and social situations

General self-efficacy

your generalized belief that you will be successful at whatever challenges or tasks you might face

What are the "Big Five" personality traits

1. agreeableness 2. conscientiousness 3. negative emotionality 4. extraversion 5. openness

Neuroticism

characterized by a person's tendency to experience unpleasant emotions such as anger, anxiety, depression, and feelings of vulnerability

Realistic job previews (RJPs)

involve the presentation of both positive and potentially negative information to job candidates

Information processing capacity

involves the manner in which individuals process and organize information