Chapter 3-International Business-What is Culture?

monochronic

The use of time that emphasizes punctuality, schedules, and completing one task at a time.

subculture

a cultural group within a larger or predominant culture, distinguished from it by factors such as class, ethnic background, and religion, and unified by shared beliefs and interests.

counterculture

a culture that has values or lifestyles that are in opposition to those of the current accepted culture.

rationalization

any attempt to increase a company's effectriveness or efficiency, including downsizing, cutbacks, layoffs, and relocating corporate functions and activities to countries that have cheaper labour and few or no union problems.

spatial perception

individual comfort levels with personal space and physical contact, which are often dictated in part by cultural standards

polychronic

preferring to do many things at once, place less emphasis on deadlines and schedules, and consider relationships to be more important than work and meeting deadlines

culture

the enduring behaviors, ideas, attitudes, values, and traditions shared by a group of people and transmitted from one generation to the next

cultural dimensions

Power Distance ( ex. In Japan you don't talk back to boss, here you can). Uncertainty Avoidance: ( turning to religion to help people avoid the uncertainty of things.) Masculinity Femininity: (clearly defined sex roles. rules about the acceptable behaviors of men and women). Individualism: (valuing welfare of individual versus that of the group)