Chapter 3

The Monkees

American made for TV group patterned after the Beatles

Righteous Brothers

Blue-eyed soul singing duo consisting of Bill Medley and Bobbie Hatfield

Dick Dale and the Del-Tones

Los Angeles-based surf band led by guitarist Dick Dale

Bubblegum

A short-lived strand of carefully crafted sing along pop songs aimed at pre-teens that was generally produced in the studio by session players

Aldon Music

A songwriting company founded in New York in 1958 by Al Nevins and Don Kirshner

Chubby Checker

1960s pop singer who recorded "The Twist"

Gold Star Studios

A Los Angeles studio often used by Phil Spector, the Beach Boys and other in the early 1960s

Teen Idols

A clean-cut, wholesome singers that the major labels promoted in the late 1950s and early 1960s to counter the success of independent label R&B and Rock n' Roll

Surf

A driving, high energy and primarily instrumental music style associated with the surfing culture of early 1960s Southern California

The wrecking crew

A loose collection of Los Angeles studio musicians often used by Phil Spector and other producers in the early 1960s

Wall of Sound

A production technique developed and popularized by Phil Spector that involved the use of large instrumental groups, liberal doses of reverb and multi-track overdubbing

Dick Clark

Host of American Bandstand

Carole King/Jerry Goffin

Husband/wife songwriting team that worked for Aldon Music

Phil Spector

Important producer who conceived of the girl group format and the Wall of Sound Production style

Dionne Warwick

Pop singer known for singing many Bacharach/David songs

Brian Wilson

Singer, songwriter, bass player, and producer; member of the Beach Boys

Burt Bacharach/Hal David

Songwriter team that wrote hits including "Don't Make Me Over" and "Walk on By"

Jerry Leiber/Mike Stoller

Songwriting team that wrote "Hound Dog", "On Broadway" and many others

Doc Pomus/Mort Shuman

Songwriting team that wrote "Viva Los Vegas" among others

The Beach Boys

The most famous surf group

Girl Groups

The name given to the young female vocal groups that emerged in the early 1960s, primarily through the promotion of Phil Spector. Story lines for girl group songs usually included reference to boyfriends and the worthlessness of girls lives without them

The Ed Sullivan Show

The popular TV show running from 1948 to 1971 on which many rock stars, including Elvis Presley and the Beatles appeared

Payola

The practice of bribes (in the form of gifts, favors, or cash) made by record labels to get DJs to play their songs; Variety Magazine coined the term in 1938

American Bandstand

The television show began in 1952 and hosted by Dick Clark from 1956 to 1987 that featured teens dancing to popular hit songs

Brill Building Pop

The term to describe the pop songs that emerged from professional songwriters based in and around New York's Brill Building in the late 1950s and early 1960s