Chapter 3

Which logical address is used for delivery of data to a remote network?

destination IP address? Explain: The destination IP address is used for end-to-end delivery of data to a remote network. The destination MAC address is used for delivery on a local network. The destination port number identifies the application that should process the data at the destination. Source addresses identify the sender of the data.

What type of message is sent to a specific group of hosts?

? Explain: A communication from a single source to a single destination is called a unicast. A communication from a single source to a group of destinations is called a multicast. A communication from a single source to all destinations on the same local network is called a broadcast.

Why are open standards important in the data communications industry?

? Explain: Open standard protocols facilitate interoperability between software and hardware made by different manufactures. For example, open standards allow a client with a Linux operating system to connect to a server running a Microsoft Windows operating system. They would also be able to successfully exchange data. If all software, hardware, and protocols were proprietary, this would not be possible.

What is the general term that is used to describe a piece of data at any layer of a networking model?

? Explain: The term protocol data unit (PDU) is used to describe a piece of data at any layer of a networking model. A packet is the PDU at the network layer. A frame is the data link layer PDU. A segment is the PDU at the transport layer.

At which layer of the OSI model would a physical address be encapsulated?

Data link layer Explain:Physical addresses are encapsulated at the data link later. Logical addresses, also know as IP addresses, are encapsulated at the network layer. Port addresses are encapsulated at the transport layer. No addresses are encapsulated at the physical layer.

Which three acronyms/initialisms represent standards organizations?

IETE, IEEE, IANA

What layer of the TCP/IP protocol model determines the best path through the network?

The TCP/IP model consists of four layers: application, transport, internet, and network access. The internet layer determines the best path through the network.

If the default gateway is configured incorrectly on the host, what is the impact on communications?

The host can communicate with other hosts on the local network, but is unable to communicate with hosts on remote networks.? Explain: A default gateway is only required to communicate with devices on another network. The absence of a default gateway does not affect connectivity between devices on the same local network.

Which message delivery option is used when all device need to receive the same message simultaneously?

broadcast explain:when all devices need to receive the same message stimultaneously, the message would be delivered as a broadcast. Unicast delivery occurs when one source host sends a message to one destination host. The sending of the same message from a host to a group destination hosts in mullticast delivery. Duplex communications refersto the ability of the medium to carry messages in both directions.

What three requirements are defined by the protocols used in network communcations to allow message transmission across a network? (Choose three.)

data encoding, message size, delivery options Explain: The protocols used in network communications define the details of how a message is transmitted, including requirements for message delivery options, message timing, message encoding, formatting and encapsulation, and message size.

The MAC address of a PC does not change when the PC is moved to a different network because the MAC address is embedded in the _____of the PC.

hardware? Explain:refer to 3.3.2 The MAC address is also known as the physical or Ethernet address. Because it is encoded on hardware, on the Ethernet NIC, it will stay the same no matter where the NIC is geographically located.

What type of delivery uses data link layer addresses?

local delivery Explain: If a device is sending frames to another device on the same local network, it uses ARP to determine the MAC address of the receiving device. The sending device then uses the Layer 2 addresses to send the frames.

What is the purpose of protocols in data communications?

providing the rules required for a specific type of communication to occer Explain:Protocols provide rules that define how a message is transmitted across a network. Implementation requirements such as electronic and bandwidth details for data communication are specified by standards. Operating systems are not specified by protocols, but will implement protocols. Protocols determine how and when to send a message but they do not control the contents of a message.

Which layer of the OSI model defines services to segment and reassemble data for indivdual communications between end devices?

transport Explain: The OSI model cosists of seven layers: application, presentation, session, transport, network, data link, and physical. The transport layer defines services to segment, transfer, and reassemble the data for individual communications between the end devices.