Chapter 31: Multiple Gestations
Abnormal links between the placental vessels
Acardiac twinning results from:
high birth weight
All of the following complications are associated with multiple gestations except:
Discordant growth
Asymmetry in fetal weight between twins is indicative of:
Poor nutritional state
Factors that increase the likelihood of having multiple gestations include all of the following except:
Dizygotic twinning
Fraternal twins result from:
Monozygotic twinning
Identical twins result from:
Heterotopic pregnancies
Ovulation induction drugs not only increase the likelihood of multiple gestations, but also increase the likelihood of:
Twin embolization syndrome
The demise of a twin can lead to the development of neurologic complications in the living twin as a result of:
Twin embolization syndrome
The demise of a twin during the second or third trimester can lead to:
Amnion
The inner membrane surrounding the fetus is referred to as the:
All of the above: Monochorionic diamniotic twins, monochorionic monoamniotic twins, Dichorionic diamniotic twins
The most common form of monozygotic twins is:
Chorion
The outer membrane of the gestation is referred to as the:
TTTS
The shunting of blood from one twin to the other is termed:
Dichorionic diamniotic twins
The sonographic exam of twins reveals a triangular extension of the placenta at the base of the membrane. This finding is indicative of:
Dichorionic
The term that indicated the presence of two seperate placentas is:
Diamniotic
The term that indicates the presence of 2 separate amniotic sacs is:
monochorionic monoamniotic
Twins having one placenta and one amniotic sac are referred to as:
Dichorionic diamniotic
Twins having two placentas and 2 amniotic sacs are referred to as:
This does not occur
Twins having two placentas and one amniotic sac are referred to as:
Monochorionic monoamniotic
Twins that have the threat of being conjoined are:
Dizygotic
Twins that result from the fertilization of two separate ova are called:
Conjoined
Twins whose bodies are connected at some point are said to be:
Discordant fetal growth
Typically, the first sonographic manifestation of TTTS is:
Preeclampsia
What condition is pregnancy induced maternal high blood pressure and excess protein in the urine after 20 weeks gestation?
endoscopic-guided laser photocoagulation
What is a treatment that separates abnormal placental vascular connections between twins that are suffering from TTTS?
Stuck twin
What is it called when a twin fetus, suffering from TTTS, experiences severe oligohydramnios and becomes closely adhered to the uterine wall?
Monochorionic diamniotic
What is the term for conjoined twins attached at the sacral region?
Dichorionic diamniotic twins
Which of the following can occur as a result of dizygotic twinning?
Pyopagus
Which of the following can occur as a result of monozygotic twinning?
T sign
Which of the following is not a sonographic sign of a dichorionic diamniotic gestation?
pulmonary hypoplasia
Which of the following would a newborn most likely suffer from if he or she were born prior to 32 weeks as a result of multiple gestation complications?
Maternal history of twins
Which of the following would not increase the likelihood of multiple gestations?
Amnionicity
Which term relates the number of amniotic sacs?
Chorionicty
Which term relates the number of placentas?
Omphalopagus
Conjoined twins that are attached at the abdomen are referred to as:
A single zygote that splits
monozygotic twins result from:
acardiac twinning
TRAP syndrome may also be referred to as:
Parasitic twin
The abnormal twin in acardiac twinning is also referred to as:
Recipient
The twin that will appear larger in TTTS is the:
Monochorionic monoamniotic
Which form of monozygotic twinning is least common?
