chapter 33 part 2
The functions of the lophophore include which of the following? Release of gametes Obtaining food Gas exchange Locomotion
Obtaining food Gas exchange
The class Crustacea includes which of the following? Pill bugs Millipedes Shrimp Centipedes Moths Crabs
Pill bugs Shrimp Crabs
Among annelids, the class _____ is characterized by the presence of many parapodia.
Polychaeta
Which of the following are advantages of an exoskeleton? Protection against water loss Support for the body A high degree of flexibility Protection from predators
Protection against water loss Support for the body Protection from predators
Which of the following are advantages of an exoskeleton? A high degree of flexibility Protection from predators Support for the body Protection against water loss
Protection from predators Support for the body Protection against water loss
What is a major disadvantage of an exoskeleton?
Restricted mobility
Segmented organisms with jointed legs and a hard exoskeleton composed of chitin belong to the phylum
anthropods
Examples of the Mollusca phylum include brachiopods clams snails tunicates
clams snails
Annelids have a ____ circulatory system
closed
In an annelid, the digestive tract is suspended within the spacious __________which is surrounded by the body wall.
coelom
The muscular foot of a mollusk may be adapted for locomotion. food capture. elimination of wastes digging. attachment.
locomotion. food capture. digging. attachment.
The thick epidermal sheet that covers the dorsal side of a mollusk's body is the
mantle
In a mollusk, the ___ secretes the shell, while the muscular ___ is used for locomotion.
mantle, foot
A hard exoskeleton provides protection against predators; however, it also restricts an animal's
mobility
Squid, octopuses, chitons, snails, clams, and oysters are all members of the phylum
mollusks
Functions of the arthropod exoskeleton include
muscle attachment, water conservation, and protection.
The class __________ is comprised of centipedes and millipedes.
myriapoda
Unsegmented worms that are round in cross section, have longitudinal muscles, and are covered by a flexible, thick cuticle that is molted as they grow, belong to the phylum
nematode
Annelid segments are divided from one another internally by
septa
_____________ involves twisting of the gastropod body so the mantle cavity and anus are moved from a posterior location to the front of the body.
torsion
Identify the phylum whose members have the following characteristics: Marine lophophorate organisms with two calcified valves (dorsal and ventral) that resemble shells.
Brachiopoda
Which of the following does a mollusk use for movement?
Foot
The lophophore, the structure characteristic of lophophorates, plays important roles in which of the following processes? Feeding Reproduction Protection Movement Respiration
Feeding Respiration
Members of the class Polyplacophora are
chitons
Polyplacophorans are commonly known as
chitons
Which environments are inhabited by mollusks?
Marine, freshwater, and terrestrial
Which of the following accurately describes chelicerates? Most are carnivorous Bodies consist of three tagmata The most anterior appendages are mandibles Predominantly aquatic Have four pairs of walking legs
Most are carnivorous Have four pairs of walking legs
What are characteristics of the class Chelicerata? Locomotion is achieved by 8 pairs of legs. Mouthparts can be modified as pincers or fangs. Bodies consist of two tagmata. Predominantly aquatic
Mouthparts can be modified as pincers or fangs. Bodies consist of two tagmata.
Ribbon worms are found in which of the following phyla?
Nemertea
Ribbon worms are members of the phylum
Nemertea
Which of the following accurately describes the characteristics of nematodes? They are only found in marine habitats. They are covered by a flexible, thick cuticle that molts as they grow. They are bilaterally symmetrical. Their body is composed of a series of ringlike segments which are separated internally by partitions called septa. Muscles extend longitudinally beneath epidermis.
-They are covered by a flexible, thick cuticle that molts as they grow. -They are bilaterally symmetrical. -Muscles extend longitudinally beneath epidermis.
What type of circulatory system do annelids have?
A closed circulatory system
Each segment of an annelid contains which of the following? A ganglion Gills A heart Locomotory structures Excretory organs
A ganglion Locomotory structures Excretory organs
The annelid body plan can be described as which of the following?
A tube within a tube.
What is the mantle of a mollusk?
An epidermal sheet covering the dorsal side of the body
All members of the phylum Arthropoda have which of the following characteristics? An exoskeleton composed of chitin and protein Segmentation Eight legs and chelicerae Jointed legs A closed circulatory system
An exoskeleton composed of chitin and protein Segmentation Jointed legs
Which characteristics are typical of bryozoans? Lophophore located between two shells Large, swimming individuals Anus opens near the mouth, due to its U-shaped digestive system Small, colonial animals
Anus opens near the mouth, due to its U-shaped digestive system Small, colonial animals
Many arthropods possess tagmata. What are they?
Body segments that have become fused into functional units
Gills in aquatic mollusks are also called which of the following?
Ctenidia
Insects and some other animals, such as the soil-dwelling Collembola belong to the class
Hexapoda
Which of the following is a major advantage of segmentation?
Individual segments can become specialized for different functions.
The class Hexapoda includes which of the following? Insects Mites and ticks Centipedes and millipedes Lobsters and crayfish
Insects
Describe the mollusk coelom. It is in spaces around the excretory organs, the heart, and part of the intestine. It is absent. It is highly reduced. It is extensive. It is secreted by the mantle. It is concentrated in a visceral mass.
It is in spaces around the excretory organs, the heart, and part of the intestine. It is highly reduced.
What characteristics are typical of bryozoans? Live in colonies Ciliated lophophore U-shaped digestive system Two calcified valves
Live in colonies Ciliated lophophore U-shaped digestive system
Which of the following characteristics are typical of brachiopods? Two lateral calcified shells Lophophore between the shells Colonial Zoecium attached to rocks or other substrates Two calcified valves: dorsal and ventral
Lophophore between the shells Two calcified valves: dorsal and ventral
What feature of a body plan allows the specialization of different parts of the body for different function?
Segmentation
What secretes the calcium carbonate of the shell in a mollusk?
The mantle
The gills of aquatic mollusks are also called
ctenidia
In arthropods, the hard ___ provides protection and physical support, the jointed ___ provide flexibility, and the ___ body plan allows specialization of different body parts.
exoskeleton,appendages,segmented
Mollusks use a muscular ___ (also known as podium) for movement.
foot
The muscular______ of a mollusk may be adapted for locomotion, attachment, food capture, or digging.
foot
The basic body plan of a mollusk consists of three parts: a muscular ________(used for movement), a __________mass (which contains the internal organs), and a _________(which produces the shell in mollusks that have one).
foot, visceral,mantle
The most abundant herbivores are
insects
Which organisms are members of the class Crustacea? pill bugs spiders shrimp lobsters
pill bugs shrimp lobsters
One of the advantages of an exoskeleton is that it provides minimal weight relative to body size. increased flexibility. support for the body.
support for the body.
In many arthropods, the body segments have become fused into functional units called
tagmata
Arthropods play a role in the pollination of crops the destruction of crops the spreading of serious diseases synthesizing essential organic molecules from inorganic sources
the pollination of crops the destruction of crops the spreading of serious diseases
Gastropods are unique among animals in that they undergo ______during larval life.
torsion
Terrestrial habitats of mollusks must have at least a temporary supply of
water