Chapter 35 Nutrition

which of the following is recommended for the prevention/control of hypertension?

DASH eating plan

how many minutes each week should a healthy adult spend in moderate-intensity physical exercise?

150 minutes

how much of MyPlate should consist of protein?

25%

1 pound of body fat= kilocalories?

3,500

how many kilocalories are provided by one gram of carbohydrate?

4

what % of an adult is made up of water?

60-65%

which of the following occurs with celiac disease?

damage to the villi of the small intestine

all of the following are characteristics of cholesterol EXCEPT...

dietary cholesterol is only found in plant sources

all of the following provide kilocalories for the body EXCEPT...

dietary fiber

all of the following are high in dietary cholesterol EXCEPT...

egg whites

which of the following foods does NOT contain gluten?

eggs

what type of nutrition therapy is typically used for a pt with a severe food allergy to peanuts?

elimination diet

insulin

enables glucose to enter the body and be converted into energy

which of the following risk factors contributes the most to the development of type 2 diabetes?

excess body weight

which of the following is recommended nutrition therapy for type 1 diabetes?

exchange list system

which mineral provides an increased resistance to cavities?

fluoride

which of the following foods is low in sodium?

fruit juices

all of the following are characteristics of monosaturated fat EXCEPT...

good food sources include palm oil and coconut oil

what occurs with a rotation diet?

gradual desensitization of the body to the food allergen by limiting the number of times it is ingested

what name is used on a food label to identify trans fat?

hydrogenated vegetable oil

how are ingredients listed on a food label?

in descending order of weight from highest to lowest

how do supplemental digestive enzymes assist in treating food allergies?

they break down food into smaller, less allergenic molecules

all of the following are characteristics of fat soluble vitamins EXCEPT...

they cannot be stored in the body

primary function of protein?

to build, repair, and maintain body tissue

which vitamin is needed for health skin and to maintain vision in dim light?

vitamin A

which vitamin is required for the formation of prothrombin needed for normal blood clotting?

vitamin K

which mineral is needed to make hemoglobin?

iron

what is the disadvantage of trans fat?

it increases the risk of heart disease

all of the following are functions of fat in the body EXCEPT...

it transports water soluble vitamins in the body

a food with a high nutrient density is...

low in calories and high in nutrients

complex carbs are made up of...

many sugar units strung together in a long chain

all of the following are examples of macronutrients EXCEPT...

minerals

which is a characteristic of vitamins?

needed in small amounts for normal growth and development

which condition can result from a deficiency of vitamin B9 (folic acid)?

neural tube birth defects

all of the following contain saturated fat EXCEPT...

nuts

which requires a food label?

packaged food

all of the following are good food sources of protein EXCEPT...

pasta

which condition can result from a deficiency of vitamin B12 (cobalamin)?

pernicious anemia

what is NOT a benefit of good nutrition?

prevention of cancer

what is the function of carbohydrate in the body?

primary source of energy for the body

type 1 diabetes is caused by an inability of the body to...

produce insulin

which condition can result from a deficiency of vitamin D in children?

rickets

which of the following foods does NOT contain lactose?

soy milk

all of the following are examples of monosaccharides EXCEPT...

sucrose

enriched food

a food that has vitamins and minerals added to it to replace those lost during processing of that food

which condition can result from a deficiency of vitamin C?

all of the above (bleeding gums, easy bruising, poor wound healing, muscle cramps)

which of the following is a symptom of lactose intolerance?

all of the above (bloating, diarrhea, flatulence, abdominal cramping)

which of the following is an example of an empty calorie food?

all of the above (candy, cake, cookies, soda)

which of the following may occur if high blood pressure is not brought under control?

all of the above (heart attack, kidney damage, stroke, damages vision)

obesity increases the risk of developing which of the following...

all of the above (hypertension, type 2 diabetes, sleep apnea, osteoarthritis)

which individuals may require a multivitamin/mineral supplement?

all of the above (individual consuming less than 1,2000 kcal/daily, person w/ chrone's, prego, elderly)

which of the following is a characteristic of soluble fiber?

all of the above (lowers blood cholesterol, good sources=oatmeal, apple, broccoli, legumes, makes you feel fuller longer)

which of the following may result from atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries?

all of the above (narrowing of arteries, blockage of arteries, hardening of arterial walls)

what is the purpose of adding trans fat to a food item?

all of the above (preserves food, increase shelf life, makes food taste better)

which is a function of the B vitamins?

all of the above (regulated metabolism, facilitates nervous system, healthy skin, assist enzymes in converting food into energy)

which of the following are symptoms of a food allergy?

all of the above (skin rash, hives, swelling, shortness of breath)

which of the following is a function of water?

all of the above (transportation of substances in and out of cells, cools body through perspiration, provides a solvent to rid waste, cushions the shock to bones and joints)

which of the following may result in an elevated triglyceride level in the body?

all of the above (type 2 diabetes, excess alcohol, inactivity, smoking)

through the process of digestion, protein is broken down into...

amino acids

which condition results from iron deficiency?

anemia

which of the following is NOT a common food allergen?

apples

all of the following are names for added sugar EXCEPT...

ascorbic acid

all of the following are recommendations of the TLC (therapeutic lifestyle changes) eating plan EXCEPT...

at least 5,000 mg sodium per day

what may occur in a person with high blood cholesterol level?

atherosclerosis

which condition can result from a deficiency of vitamin B1 (thiamine)?

beriberi

which mineral is needed for health bones and teeth?

calcium

all of the following are characteristics of lactose intolerance EXCEPT...

caused by an allergy to lactose

all of the following are good food sources of the B vitamins EXCEPT...

citrus fruits

all of the following are performed by the MA using a knowledge of nutrition EXCEPT...

conducting a nutritional assessment of a pt and recommending nutrition therapy

most water is lost from the body through...

urine

all of the following are key elements in the treatment of obesity EXCEPT...

fad diets

what % of daily calories should be from fat?

no more than 20-35%

which nutrients (listed on food label) should be limited in the diet?

total fat