Chapter 38 extrication

72.When arriving at the scene of a cave-in or trench collapse, response vehicles should be parked at least ________ away from the scene.

500ft

97.Which of the following situations would require the use of a specialize rescue team

A patient trapped in a cave or confined space

38._____________ is defined as the ability to reach the patient.

Access

28.What should be done for any type of alternative-fuel vehicle that is involved in an accident?

Disconnect the battery.

80.________ _________ are responsible for providing immediate assessment and treatment of injured people at rescue scenes.

EMS personnel

35.Which of the following is the BEST example of gaining simple access to a patient?

Entering a vehicle through an open window

55.Which of the following statements regarding trench rescue is correct?

Ground vibration is a primary cause of secondary collapse.

30.Who has overall command of an emergency incident?

Incident commander

99.A 50 year old female is trapped in her passenger car after it struck a tree. As the rescue team is preparing to extricate her, u quickly assess her breathing and find she is breathing shallowly and that her radio pulses absent. You should

Maintaining spinal stabilization and she is extracted

96.In order to evaluate hazards presence at the scene and determine the number of patients, you should

Performing 360 walk around of the scene.

100.Which of the following is a typical function of a rescue team

Providing safe entry and access to the patients

98.Upon arriving at the scene of a law-enforcement tactical situation, you ensure your own safety and then

Report to the incident commander for instructions

58.Which of the following statements regarding the rapid extrication technique is correct?

The rapid extrication technique is indicated if the scene is unsafe and the patient is not entrapped in his or her vehicle

24.Which of the following is the most important in protecting EMS providers during an extrication operation?

The scene size-up

67.Prior to attempting to gain access into a vehicle, the parking brake should be on and the ________ should be disconnected.

battery

83.No matter what the fuel source of a crashed vehicle is, one common practice remains the same--the need to disconnect the _________.

battery

49.At what point should you begin your primary assessment of a patient who has been entrapped?

before extrication begins

34.Rescuers have brought you a patient rescued from a structural collapse. You should immediately _________.

begin a rapid assessment

48.You have tried to gain simple access to a crashed vehicle but the doors are all jammed. What is your next step?

break the window farthest away from the patient

11.You arrive at an accident scene to find an alternative-fuel vehicle leaking an unknown substance. You should immediately _________.

call for additional resources and keep bystanders away from the vehicle

52.If a technical rescue team is required at the scene, but is not present when you arrive, you should

check with the incident commander to ensure that the team is en route.

87.________ among team members and clear leadership are essential to safe, efficient provision of proper emergency care.

communication

2.The use of special tools to remove an entrapped patient from a vehicle is known as _________.

complex access

82.The rescue team will set up a(n) _______ ________ that is off-limits to bystanders to protect their safety.

danger zone

32.Tactical EMS providers are specially trained to function during _________.

dangerous law enforcement operations

12.A 19-year-old female has just been extricated from her severely damaged car. She is on a long backboard and has been moved to a place of safety. As your partner maintains manual stabilization of her head, you perform a rapid assessment. The patient is unresponsive, has slow and shallow respirations, and has bilaterally closed femur deformities. You should

direct your partner to begin ventilatory assistance.

26.To evaluate the scene for hazards and identify the number of patients, the EMT should first _________.

do a 360-degree walk-around

79.Use ________ ________ to warn oncoming vehicles of your presence.

emergency lights

3.The rescue team is in the process of extricating a 40-year-old male from his truck. The patient's wife, who was uninjured in the crash, is calmly observing the extrication and asks you if her husband will be all right. You should

ensure that she is in a safe area, away from the scene.

76.________ is the term used when a person is caught within a closed area with no way out or who has a limb or other body part trapped.

entrapment

81.Extinguishing fires, preventing additional ignition, and removing any spilled fuel is primarily the responsibility of _______ _______.

fire fighters

89.You and the patient should be covered with a thick, _________ _______ or ________ for protection from broken glass during disentanglement.

fire-resistant canvas; blanket

94.At no time should medical personnel enter a trench deeper that _________ ________ without proper shoring in place.

four feet

17.You are standing by at the scene of a hostage situation when the incident commander advises you that one of his personnel has been shot. The patient is lying supine in an open area and is not moving. As the SWAT team escorts you to the patient, you should

grab him by the clothes and immediately move him to safety.

65.If there are downed power lines near a vehicle involved in a crash, you should

have the patient remain in the vehicle

74.In addition to posing a threat to you and others at the scene, _______ _________ may pose a threat to a much larger area and population.

hazardous materials

5.Upon arriving at the scene of a motor vehicle crash, you can see three patients, one who is entrapped in his car and two who have been ejected from their vehicle. You should

immediately request additional resources.

19.A 33-year-old restrained driver of a motor vehicle crash is awake and alert, complaining only of neck pain and left leg pain. The vehicle is stable and no hazards are present. When removing this patient from his vehicle, you should

immobilize him with a vest-style device.

25.A hiker was injured when he fell approximately 20 feet from a cliff. When you arrive at the scene, a member of the technical rescue group escorts you to the patient, who is positioned on a steep incline. The MOST appropriate method of immobilizing and moving the patient to the ambulance is to

immobilize his spine with a long backboard and place him in a basket stretcher.

92.Unless otherwise instructed, only the _______ _______ should communicate any news or progress of a search and rescue to a victim's family.

incident commander

33.In contrast to simple access, complex access

involves forcible entry into a vehicle.

59.The scene size-up at a motor vehicle crash or other incident

is an ongoing process until the incident is terminated

101.A driver involved in a rollover motor vehicle crash will MOST likely experience serious injuries or death if he or she

is ejected or partially ejected.

31.A 50-year-old female is entrapped in her passenger car after it struck a tree. As the rescue team is preparing to extricate her, you quickly assess her and determine that she is breathing shallowly and that her radial pulse is absent. You should

maintain spinal stabilization as she is extricated.

75.You must always be _________ and _______ prepared for any incident that requires rescue or extrication.

mentally; physically

36.Upon arrival at an active law enforcement incident, the EMT should _________.

notify the incident commander

73.Which of the following statements regarding tactical emergency medical support is false?

once you have checked in at the command post, you are free to roam the area looking for ways to help

45.In an instance of multiple casualties, how should patient care be initiated?

only after all have been triaged

44.which of the following is an example of simple access

opening a rear door

7.Upon arrival at a trench rescue operation, you should _________.

park at least 500 feet from the incident

61.When you arrive at the scene where there is a potential for hazardous materials exposure

park your unit uphill of the scene

22.The EMT's primary responsibility during a rescue or extrication situation is _________.

patient care

10.Once entrance and access to the patient have been provided, you should

perform a primary assessment.

14.Upon arrival at a search-and-rescue incident, the EMS crew should _________.

prepare the equipment to carry to the patient

6.When removing a critically injured patient from his or her vehicle, you should

protect the cervical spine during the entire process.

85.All EMS personnel should wear proper _______ ________ while in the working area.

protective gear

53.Which of the following is a typical function of the rescue team?

providing safe entry and access to patients

69.When removing an injured patient from a vehicle due to an environmental threat or the need to perform CPR, it is best to use the _________ technique.

rapid extrication

15.At a scene with downed electrical lines, the EMT should _________.

remain outside the danger (hot) zone

16.While staged at the scene of a structure fire, the EMT should _________.

remain with the ambulance

21.You and your partner are standing by at the scene of a residential fire when you hear the incident commander state, "We have located a victim" over the radio. You should

remain with the ambulance and wait for fire personnel to bring the victim to you.

8.Extrication is defined as

removal from a dangerous situation or position.

29.Disentanglement involves

removing a patient from a dangerous position.

86.The _____ _______ should provide you with the entrance you need to gain access to the patient.

rescue team

77.When you arrive at a rescue scene, you should position your vehicle in a(n) ________ location.

safe

60.During all phases of rescue, your primary concern is

safety

47.You are assessing a female patient as the extrication team gets ready to roll up the dashboard to remove her. The patient has multiple fractures in her left arm. What should you do?

secure the injury against her body

78._________ is the ongoing process of information gathering and scene evaluation to determine measures for managing an emergency.

size-up

90.Cave rescue, confined space rescue, and search and rescue are all considered to be ________ _______ situations.

specialized rescue

84.You should not attempt to gain access into a vehicle until you are sure that it has been __________.

stabilized

54.The EMT's role at the scene of a search and rescue attempt is to

stand by at the command post until the person is located

95.In most areas, an ambulance is dispatched with the fire department to any ________ ________.

structure fire

68.Lighting at a scene, establishing a tool and equipment area, and marking for a helicopter landing all fall under

support operations

27.As you and your team are removing an unresponsive patient from her wrecked car, you note that she has closed deformities to both of her legs and a deformity to her left humerus. You should

support the injured extremities and continue removal.

56.Your primary concern when arriving at the scene of a motor vehicle crash is

surveying the area for hazards

1.Returning the emergency unit to service is part of the _________.

termination phase

51.Situational awareness is MOST accurately defined as

the ability to recognize any possible issues once you arrive at the scene and act proactively to avoid a negative impact.

63.During a 360 walk-around at an accident scene, you should look for all of the following except

the amount of air left in the tires

37.A unique consideration when dealing with a hybrid vehicle is that

the battery has higher voltage than a traditional vehicle battery.

57.When determining the exact location and position of the patient(s) in a wrecked vehicle, you and your team should routinely consider all of the following, EXCEPT

the make and model of the vehicle.

64.You should communicate with members of ________ throughout the extrication process.

the rescue team

66._______ is responsible for properly securing and stabilizing the vehicle and providing a safe entrance and access to the patient.

the rescue team

71.Which of the following is not considered a specialized rescue situation?

truck rescue

70.When attempting simple access into a vehicle, you should

try opening the doors using the door handles first

40.The reasons for rescue failure can be referred to by the mnemonic FAILURE. In this mnemonic the "U" stands for

underestimating the logistics of the incident.

42.Where should you park the ambulance when responding to a vehicle crash involving a hazardous material spill?

uphill and upwind

50.Which of the following situations would require the use of a specialized rescue team?

a patient trapped in a cave or a confined space

46.During which phase of extrication should you don proper protective gear (PPE)?

upon arrival

93.________ is usually the cause of secondary collapse in a trench collapse.

vibration

4.The EMT's responsibility during search-and-rescue operations is to _________.

wait at the staging area until the patient is located

13.When functioning at the scene of a motor vehicle crash in which a patient will require complex extrication, you should enter the vehicle and provide care to the patient

after receiving approval from the incident commander.

91.You should consider using a(n) ______ _________ _____ if the patient will need to be transported an extensive distance.

air medical unit

23.Your unit has been dispatched to stand by at the scene of a structure fire. There are no injuries of which you are aware. Upon arriving at the scene, you should

ask the incident commander where the ambulance should be staged.

9.You are attempting to gain access to a patient who was injured when his truck struck another vehicle from behind. The patient is conscious and alert, but is screaming in pain. You try to open the door, but it is locked. You should

ask the patient if he can unlock the door.

43.As an EMT, what is your main role at the scene of an accident involving extrication of the patient?

asses and provide immediate care

18.Trench collapses usually involve large areas of falling dirt that weigh approximately _______ per cubic foot.

100 lb

41.When working around undeployed air bags after a vehicle crash, you should maintain at least a ________ clearance between yourself and the passenger-side airbag.

20 inch

39.Common duties and responsibilities of EMS personnel at the scene of a motor vehicle crash include all of the following, EXCEPT

keeping bystanders at a safe distance.

62.Controlling traffic at a scene is typically the responsibility of

law enforcement

88.A lack of identifiable _________ at the scene hinders the rescue effort and patient care.

leadership