Chapter 4

SELECT ALL THAT APPLY. Which statement(s) describe the concept of absolute value?

A baseball is valued at around $5. A record player is valued at around $100.

Which statement best characterizes the concept of cultural relativism?

Cultures cannot be ranked as better or worse than others.

Darla's grandmother left her a glass vase that she had received as a wedding gift. Darla loved her grandmother and wouldn't sell the vase for a million dollars, she said. Darla's feelings about the vase represent the absolute value of the object.

False

Serafina is a political elite in an agrarian culture and, as such, has the resources to support and enjoy the arts while most other members of the culture focus on growing food. Serafina can be considered a member of the popular culture.

False

Status refers to expectations about how a person should think, feel, and behave.

False

SELECT ALL THAT APPLY. Which of these would be considered material culture?

Jewelry, Car

Betty is bringing a bottle of wine to share at her friend's dinner party because she knows it is an appropriate and expected behavior for the situation. This is an example of a social norm.

True

Cho can accurately interpret the cues of others and behave appropriately in various situations. Due to these skills, Cho is considered to have high social intelligence.

True

Cultural knowledge is important in both personal and professional areas of your life.

True

Cultural universals mean all human groups do some of the same things, but each group does those things in unique ways.

True

Culture includes characteristics that make certain groups distinct from others.

True

Kristen moved to Kenya to be a missionary. She was surprised to learn that she would be living in a tent-like structure with no running water or electricity. These things are elements of material culture.

True

The development of the word hangry exemplifies the social construction of language.

True

Those with high fiscal capital often have better access to money and the things it can buy than those with low fiscal capital.

True

Which of the following elements is considered material culture?

artifacts

In an industrial society, as certain products become more widely available, ______ culture begins.

consumer

Rodrick belongs to a group that lives "off the grid" because its members believe the government wants to take away all their rights. Which term best describes Rodrick's group?

counterculture

"Influencers" on social media are people who have the capacity to convince people that their ideas, style, fashion, etc. will make them more popular, knowledgeable, or wealthy. This kind of influence is called ______.

cultural capital

After the Twin Towers of the World Trade Center fell, many people said they valued their lives more and complained less about the little things. Historical events can impact people's ______ even if the event doesn't directly affect all individuals.

cultural heritage

Franz Boas espoused the idea of ______ when he said that different societies were not better or worse than others, just different.

cultural relativism

Most cultures have their own art, song, and dance, among other things. George Murdock called these elements ______.

cultural universals

A person who has the resources to obtain an education and purchase high-quality clothing is said to have ______.

high cultural capital

Dwayne and his family lived on a small plot of land and worked hard every day to grow enough food to survive. Since most of their time was spent farming, Dwayne's family had little time for personal development and hobbies. In which type of society did Dwayne live?

horticultural/pastoral

Which society was the first to have specialization, with people sharing the tasks of community life?

horticultural/pastoral

Which type of group lacks the stability of place and time?

hunter-gatherers

Which type of society relies on technology to produce goods and food?

industrial

Which action is violating a folkway?

interrupting someone

The Sapir-Whorf hypothesis focuses on how ______ influences our understanding of reality.

language

The Sapir-Whorf hypothesis is also known as ______.

linguistic relativism

Which of these is a common folkway in the United States?

raising your hand in class before speaking

The statuses, roles, and traits that we have are our ______.

social identities

Social intelligence and cultural capital are components of our ______.

social identity

In a public school, the teachers could be considered ______.

subculture

Bobby loves his online video games. He plays with his friends every day for hours. In fact, if you asked him, he would probably say he couldn't live without them. This belief demonstrates the concept of ______.

the social construction of reality

Freedom is something to be upheld and cherished by society" could best be described as a ______.

value