Chapter 4: Epithelial Tissue - Questions Bank

Cytoplasmic projections, which like microvilli increase the cells' surface area, facilitate absorption, are much longer and much less motile than microvilli and have branches along their length, represent A. microvilli B. stereocilia C. cilia

B. stereocilia

Regarding the basal bodies in epithelial cells which statement is FALSE? Basal bodies are apical cytoplasmic structures just below the cell membrane; A. They contain triplets of microtubules; B. They form rootlets which anchors cilia to the cytoskeleton; C. They are involved in mitotic spindle formation.

C. They are involved in mitotic spindle formation.

Simple _____ epithelial cells are specialized for secretion and are found in glands such as the pancreas

Cuboidal

Which of the following cellular features is used in naming types of epithelia? a. Shape of cells in the basal layer b. Number of cell layers c. Presence of a basal lamina d. Size of the nuclei e. Nature of the cell junctions that are present

b. Number of cell layers

What type of epithelium is more than one layer thick? a. Simple b. Stratified c. Squamous d. Cuboidal e. Columnar

b. Stratified

What type of tissue lines most of the gastrointestinal tract? a. Simple squamous epithelium b. Simple cuboidal epithelium c. Simple columnar epithelium d. Stratified squamous epithelium e. Transitional epithelium

c. Simple columnar epithelium The lining of the gastrointestinal tract is simple columnar epithelium. Epithelium lines body cavities and surfaces. Simple columnar epithelium is "simple" because it is one cell thick. "Columnar" cells are taller than they are wide and have an oval nucleus.

What is another term for an acinar gland? a. Simple gland b. Compound gland c. Tubular d. Alveolar e. Tubuloalveolar

d. Alveolar

What type of epithelium lines the urinary bladder and is capable of distention?

transitional epithelium

Which of the following is a unicellular gland? Squamous cell A. Goblet cell B. Basal cell C. Basket cell D. Sertoli cell

A. Goblet cell

What is called a gland with a unbranched duct? A. Simple gland B. Compound gland C. Tubular D. Alveolar E. Tubuloalveolar

A. Simple gland

Epithelial tissue is characterized by each of these traits, except that________________ Multiple Answers A. it is highly vascularized B. it functions in secretion, absorption, and excretion C. epithelial cells are loosely packed and have much intercellular material D. it is anchored to a basement membrane

A. it is highly vascularized & C. epithelial cells are loosely packed and have much intercellular material

The interface between epithelial cells and subjacent connective tissue, which is a specialized, felt like sheet of extracellular material referred to as A. the basement membrane B. Lamina Propria C. layer of smooth muscle cells

A. the basement membrane

The cell junctions, which encircle the epithelial cells, link to actin filaments, provide points linking the cytoskeletons of adjacent cells, strengthen and stabilize nearby tight junctions are called A. Tight or occluding junctions B. Adherent or anchoring junctions C. Desmosome or macula adherens D. Gap junctions or nexus E. Hemidesosomes

B. Adherent or anchoring junctions

What is called a gland with a branched duct? A. Simple gland B. Compound gland C. Tubular D. Alveolar E. Tubuloalveolar

B. Compound gland

When the receptors are very close to the hormone-secreting cell the signaling is termed A. Autocrine B. Paracrine C. Merocrine

B. Paracrine

One of the main functions associated with simple squamous epithelium is _____. A. diffusion B. active transport C. secretion D. absorption

B. active transport

Part of most organs which is composed of the cells responsible for the organ's specialized functions is A. stroma B. parenchyma C. interstitial fluid

B. parenchyma

Match list I with list II and find the correct option List I List II(Epithelial tissue) (Location) (A) Cuboidal (1) Epidermis of skin (B) Ciliated (2) Inner lining of blood vessels (C) Columnar (3) Inner surface of gall bladder (D) Squamous (4) Inner lining of Fallopian tube (E) Keratinized squamous (5) Lining of pancreatic duct A (A)-(5), (B)-(4), (C)-(2), (D)-(3), (E)-(l) B (A)-(3), (B)-(4), (C)-(5), (D)-(2), (E)-(1) C (A)-(5), (B)-(4), (C)-(3), (D)-(2), (E)-(1) D (A)-(3), (B)-(4), (C)-(5), (D)-(1), (E)-(2) E (A)-(3), (B)-(5), (C)-(4), (D)-(l), (E)-(2)

C (A)-(5), (B)-(4), (C)-(3), (D)-(2), (E)-(1)

The kidney tubules are lined with _____ epithelial cells

Cuboidal

Regarding the myoepithelial cells, which statement is TRUE? A. They are located in the inside of basal lamina, around the basal ends of secretory or duct cells; B. They have long processes embracing an acinus; C. They are rich in actin filaments and myosin. D. All statements are TRUE

D. All statements are TRUE

What is one of the differences between epithelial tissue tumors - carcinoma and adenocarcinoma? A. Carcinoma is benign tumor, adenocarcinoma - malignant. B. Carcinoma is malignant tumor, adenocarcinoma - benign. C. Carcinoma has glandular epithelial origin, adenocarcinoma - epithelial. D. Carcinoma has epithelial origin, adenocarcinoma - glandular epithelial.

D. Carcinoma has epithelial origin, adenocarcinoma - glandular epithelial.

What type of epithelium has dome shaped cells on the apical surface? A. Epithelioid tissue B. Mesothelium C. Endothelium D. Transitional E. Pseudostratified

D. Transitional

Basement membrane A. supports structure and polarity to epithelial cells; B. attaches epithelia to underlying connective tissue; C. filters substances entering the epithelium from below; D. forms a scaffold for epithelial repair and regeneration; E. All listed activities are carried out by basement membrane.

E. All listed activities are carried out by basement membrane.

What type of epithelium lines the trachea? A. Simple squamous epithelium B. Simple cuboidal epithelium C. Simple columnar epithelium D. Stratified squamous epithelium E. Pseudostratified epithelium

E. Pseudostratified epithelium

(T/F)Exocrine glands are those that secrete their products directly into the blood.

False

(T/F)Serous fluid tends to be viscous and sticky.

False

(T/F)The basement membrane is the nonliving lowest layer of connective tissue cells.

False

T/F: Keratin is a protein found in skin cells that allows them to retain their pliable and soft texture.

False

T/F: The digestive tract is lined internally mainly with stratified cuboidal cells.

False

T/F: The oviducts are lined with ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelial cells which help propel the egg cells.

False

The cells that directly and specifically secrete mucus are called _____ cells

Goblet

The sebaceous glands of the skin produce secretions by the _____ method of secretion.

Holocrine

Cells that secrete fluids without losing their internal structure are _____ secreting, in type.

Merocrine

The primary purpose of stratification, or layering, in epithelial tissue is for increased _____________.

Protection

The term _____ refers to the fact that an epithelial tissue has only one layer of cells.

Simple

Microvilli are found on the apical surface of _____ cells.

Simple Columnar

The air sacs in the lungs are comprised of _____ cells.

Simple Squamous

Which tissue is thin and specialized for the diffusion of gases and ions?

Simple Squamous Epithelium

Microvilli, which function to increase surface area, are more likely to be found in ____________ epithelium.

Simple columnar

What type of tissue is found on the surface of the ovaries?

Simple cuboidal

(T/F)Epithelial cells lack blood vessels and a direct blood supply.

True

(T/F)Epithelial cells may have cilia or processes called microvilli on their surfaces.

True

A 42-year-old woman of Mediterranean descent presents with multiple oral blisters and a few cutaneous blisters on her back and buttocks. The superficial bullae are fragile, some have unroofed to form ulcerated lesions, and there is a positive Nikolsky sign. Blood tests reveal antibodies to a subfamily of cadherins and immunohisto- chemical staining of a biopsy from the oral mucosa shows distribution of the antigen throughout the epithelium. In what structures is the defect that is causing this patient's condition? a. Desmosomes b. Tight junctions c. Hemidesmosomes d. Gap junctions e. Reticular lamina

a. Desmosomes

What type of gland secretes its product directly into the bloodstream? a. Endocrine gland b. Multicellular gland c. Exocrine gland d. All of the above e. None of the above

a. Endocrine gland

What do you call a tissue composed of a conglomeration of cells which are tightly packed together, yet which does not have a free surface? An example of such a tissue would be the parenchyma of the adrenal gland. a. Epithelioid tissue b. Mesothelium c. Endothelium d. Transitional e. Pseudostratified

a. Epithelioid tissue

An individual genetically unable to synthesize normal occludin is likely to have epithelia with defective regulation in which of the following? a. Material crossing the epithelium between the cells (paracellular movement) b. Communication between the cells c. Attachment to the basement membrane d. Strong attachment to neighboring cells e. Movement of membrane proteins in the apical domains of cells

a. Material crossing the epithelium between the cells (paracellular movement)

An 11-month-old girl is referred to a pediatric gastroenterology clinic due to a history of generalized weakness, slow growth, and refractory diarrhoea. For the past month she has been hospitalized regularly to receive parenteral nutrition. Examination of the epithelium lining her small intestine confirms that the failure to absorb nutrients is most likely due to a significant decrease in which of the following? a. Microvilli b. Gap junctions c. Cilia d. Cell layers e. Basement membrane thickness

a. Microvilli

What forms the brush border? a. Microvilli b. Stereocilia c. Cilia d. Keratinization e. Both a and b

a. Microvilli

What forms the striated border? a. Microvilli b. Stereocilia c. Cilia d. Keratinization e. Both a and b

a. Microvilli

What are finger like projections on the surface of some cells called? a. Microvilli b. Stereocilia c. Cilia d. Keratinization e. Both a and b

a. Microvilli Microvilli are the finger like projections seen on the surface of some cells. The appearance of micro

What type of epithelium is one cell layer thick? a. Simple b. Stratified c. Squamous d. Cuboidal e. Columnar

a. Simple

What type of tissue lines blood vessels? a. Simple squamous epithelium b. Simple cuboidal epithelium c. Simple columnar epithelium d. Stratified squamous epithelium e. Transitional epithelium

a. Simple squamous epithelium

What type of tissue forms the alveoli in the lung? a. Simple squamous epithelium b. Simple cuboidal epithelium c. Simple columnar epithelium d. Stratified squamous epithelium e. Pseudostratified epithelium

a. Simple squamous epithelium. The alveoli are formed by simple squamous epithelium. Epithelium lines body cavities and surfaces. Simple squamous epithelium is "simple" because it is one cell thick. "Squamous" refers to the fact that the cells are flat.

An exocrine gland that loses small parts of its cell bodies during secretion, as is the case for the mammary gland, is further classified as a(n) ____________ gland.

apocrine

With a 5-year history of chronic respiratory infections, a 23-year- old, non-smoking man is referred to an otolaryngologist. A bronchial biopsy indicates altered structures in the epithelial cells. Which of the following, if altered to reduce function, is most likely involved in this patient's condition? a. Hemidesmosomes b. Cilia c. Basolateral cell membrane folds d. Microvilli e. Tight junctions

b. Cilia

What do you call the simple squamous epithelium that lines the abdominal cavity? a. Epithelioid tissue b. Mesothelium c. Endothelium d. Transitional e. Pseudostratified

b. Mesothelium Mesothelium is simple squamous epithelium that lines the abdominal cavity, the pericardial cavity, and the thoracic cavity.

Functions of the basement membrane include which of the following? a. Contractility b. Molecular filtering c. Active ion transport d. Excitability e. Modification of secreted proteins

b. Molecular filtering

Which of the following is NOT lined by a mucosa? a. Genitourinary tract b. Pericardial cavity c. Respiratory tract d. Alimentary canal e. All of the above are lined by a mucosa

b. Pericardial cavity

Which of the following is lined by a serosa? a. Genitourinary tract b. Peritoneal cavity c. Respiratory tract d. Alimentary canal e. All of the above are lined by a serosa

b. Peritoneal cavity Serosa lines the peritoneal cavity, pericardial cavity and pleural cavity. Mucosa lines the alimentary canal, genitourinary tract and respiratory tract.

What type of tissue composes the kidney tubules? a. Simple squamous epithelium b. Simple cuboidal epithelium c. Simple columnar epithelium d. Stratified squamous epithelium e. Transitional epithelium

b. Simple cuboidal epithelium

What type of tissue lines most ducts? a. Simple squamous epithelium b. Simple cuboidal epithelium c. Simple columnar epithelium d. Stratified squamous epithelium e. Transitional epithelium

b. Simple cuboidal epithelium. The lining of most ducts is simple cuboidal epithelium. Epithelium lines body cavities and surfaces. Simple cuboidal epithelium is "simple" because it is one cell thick. "Cuboidal" refers to the shape of the cells.

What is the surface modification seen on the cells of the epididymis? a. Microvilli b. Stereocilia c. Cilia d. Keratinization e. Both a and b

b. Stereocilia - Microvilli are the finger like projections seen on the surface of some cells. The appearance of microvilli form what is also called the brush border or striated border. - Stereocilia are very long microvilli. Stereocilia are seen in the epididymis and the hair cells of the ear. - Cilia is the hair like surface modification seen on some epithelia. Cilia are made of microtubules. - Keratinization is seen in the epidermis. Cells in the stratum corneum are essentially just bags of keratin.

The release of lipid droplets from cells is which type of secretion? a. Merocrine b. Serous c. Apocrine d. Mucous e. Holocrine

c. Apocrine

What cell surface modification is made of microtubules? a. Microvilli b. Stereocilia c. Cilia d. Keratinization e. Both a and b

c. Cilia

What do you call the simple squamous epithelium that lines the blood vessels? a. Epithelioid tissue b. Mesothelium c. Endothelium d. Transitional e. Pseudostratified

c. Endothelium Endothelium is simple squamous epithelium that lines the vascular system.

What type of gland secretes its product through a duct or tube? a. Endocrine gland b. Multicellular gland c. Exocrine gland d. All of the above e. None of the above

c. Exocrine gland

Using immunohistochemistry a population of cells is shown to be positive for the protein connexin. From this we can infer that the cells are connected by what type of junction? a. Tight (occluding) junctions b. Zonula adherens c. Gap junctions d. Hemidesmosomes e. Desmosomes (macula adherens)

c. Gap junctions

Exocrine glands in which the acini all produce a secretion of heavily glycosylated, hydrophilic proteins are an example of which type of gland? a. Serous gland b. Mixed gland c. Mucous gland d. Tubuloacinar gland e. Simple gland

c. Mucous gland

What cell type makes up the mucosa of the gallbladder? a. Simple squamous epithelium b. Simple cuboidal epithelium c. Simple columnar epithelium d. Stratified squamous epithelium e. Transitional epithelium

c. Simple columnar epithelium. The mucosa of the gallbladder is made of simple columnar epithelium.

What type of epithelium is associated with goblet cells? a. Simple squamous epithelium b. Simple cuboidal epithelium c. Simple columnar epithelium d. Stratified squamous epithelium e. Pseudostratified epithelium

c. Simple columnar epithelium. Goblet cells are associated with simple columnar epithelium of the gastrointestinal tract. Epithelium lines body cavities and surfaces. Simple columnar epithelium is "simple" because it is one cell thick. "Columnar" cells are taller than they are wide and have an oval nucleus.

What type of epithelium is composed of flat cells? a. Simple b. Stratified c. Squamous d. Cuboidal e. Columnar

c. Squamous

Which of the following is lined by a mucosa? a. Peritoneal cavity b. Pericardial cavity c. Pleural cavity d. Alimentary canal e. All of the above are lined by a mucosa

d. Alimentary canal Serosa lines the peritoneal cavity, pericardial cavity and pleural cavity. Mucosa lines the alimentary canal, genitourinary tract and respiratory tract.

What is a gland called if the secretory portion is flask shaped? a. Simple gland b. Compound gland c. Tubular d. Alveolar e. Tubuloalveolar

d. Alveolar

What type of epithelial cells are as tall as they are wide? a. Simple b. Stratified c. Squamous d. Cuboidal e. Columnar

d. Cuboidal

What is a characteristic of the cells in the epidermis of the skin? a. Microvilli b. Stereocilia c. Cilia d. Keratinization e. Both a and b

d. Keratinization

What type of epithelium is composed of cells which all touch the basement membrane and is only one cell layer thick? a. Stratified squamous epithelium b. Transitional epithelium c. Stratified cuboidal epithelium d. Pseudostratified epithelium e. None of the above

d. Pseudostratified epithelium

Which of the following is NOT lined by a serosa? a. Peritoneal cavity b. Pericardial cavity c. Pleural cavity d. Respiratory tract e. All of the above are lined by a serosa

d. Respiratory tract

What type of epithelium forms the epidermis? a. Simple squamous epithelium b. Simple cuboidal epithelium c. Simple columnar epithelium d. Stratified squamous epithelium e. Pseudostratified epithelium

d. Stratified squamous epithelium

What type of tissue lines the esophagus? a. Simple squamous epithelium b. Simple cuboidal epithelium c. Simple columnar epithelium d. Stratified squamous epithelium e. Transitional epithelium

d. Stratified squamous epithelium

One of the main functions associated with simple squamous epithelium is _____.

diffusion

What type of epithelial cells are taller than they are wide? a. Simple b. Stratified c. Squamous d. Cuboidal e. Columnar

e. Columnar

An intermediate filament protein found in cytoplasm of most epithelial cells is which of the following? a. Actin b. Vimentin c. Laminin d. Myosin e. Keratin

e. Keratin

What type of epithelium appears stratified, but is not? a. Epithelioid tissue b. Mesothelium c. Endothelium d. Transitional e. Pseudostratified

e. Pseudostratified

What type of tissue lines the bladder? a. Simple squamous epithelium b. Simple cuboidal epithelium c. Simple columnar epithelium d. Stratified squamous epithelium e. Transitional epithelium

e. Transitional epithelium

What is a gland called if the secretory portion is tube shaped ending in a flask shaped area at the terminus? a. Simple gland b. Compound gland c. Tubular d. Alveolar e. Tubuloalveolar

e. Tubuloalveolar A simple gland has an unbranched duct. A compound gland has a branched duct. If the secretory portion of a gland is tube shaped, it is called "tubular". If the secretory portion of a gland is flask shaped, it is called "alveolar" or "acinar". If the secretory portion of a gland is a tube shaped but at the terminus is flask shaped, it is called "tubuloalveolar".

Epithelium that appears layered due to the varying levels at which nuclei are found in cells, but in reality is not layered, is _________________.

pseudostratified columnar epithelium

The respiratory passages are lined with _____ cells

psuedostratified columnar

The cells lining blood vessels and the lung alveoli are classed as _____ epithelium.

simple squamous

The lining of the vagina is covered with _____ cells.

stratified squamous

The outer layer of the skin is composed of ______________________

stratified squamous epithelium