Chapter 4- EXSC 351
Which of the following statements regarding sensory and sensorimotor integration is false?
a Sensory integration involves combining information from multiple sensory sources and occurs throughout the CNS. b Sensorimotor integration processes sensory information and combines it with motor commands to mediate perception-action coupling. *c Sensory weighting combines multiple sources of sensory information but places greater emphasizes on sources with greater variability.* d All of the above are true.
Which of the following statements about proprioceptors and reflexes is true?
a Stretch reflexes are primarily initiated by Ia afferents that activate alpha motor neurons connected to antagonist muscles. b During the stretch reflex, reciprocal inhibition effects agonists and antagonist muscles in the opposite limb. c In the crossed- extensor reflex, the ipsilateral leg extends and the contralateral leg is withdrawn *d The CNS can control the stretch reflex by using gamma motor neurons to control muscle spindle sensitivity.*
Which of the following statements regarding vestibular reflex actions is false.
a Vestibular signals contribute to righting reflexes that help maintain body orientation. b Vestibular signals play a crucial role in vision by controlling gaze orientation. c Vestibular signals initiate arm and leg movements during falling. *d Vestibular signals play a minimal role in performing voluntary motor skills.*
Which of the following statements about proprioceptors and reflexes is true?
a Reflexes are stereotyped and repeatable motor actions the always in result in a muscle contraction. b Reflexes are commonly mediated by muscle spindles that respond to muscle contraction. c The CNS has limited control over the stretch reflex initiated by muscle spindles. *d Age, health, prior experience, and task goals can influence the effects of muscle spindles.*
Which of the following statements about sensory systems is false?
a Sensory systems mediate awareness of the external world and internal body . b Sensory systems can initiate movements without participation of the brain. *c Sensory systems play a limited role in performing voluntary motor skills.* d Sensory receptors transform physical and chemical stimuli into neural signals.
Which of the following statements about sensory receptors is true?
a Somatoreceptors include cutaneous (skin) receptors that provide information about the internal body. b Vicceroreceptors are located inside the body and provide the CNS with information about body movement and force. *c Proprioceptors are located inside the body and provide the CNS with information that contributes to position sense and kinesthesia.* d Exteroreceptors are located outside the body but provide the CNS with information on internal physiological processes.
Which of the following statements about proprioceptors and reflexes is false?
a Alpha-gamma coactivation uses gamma motor neurons to help maintain muscle spindle sensitivity. *b Training and experience have little effect on reflexes initiated by muscle spindles and Golgi tendon organs.* c Golgi tendon organs act as force detectors that can help prevent injuries by initiating arthrogenic muscle inhibition. d Cutaneous receptors can initiate arthrogenic muscle inhibition and the crossed-extensor reflex.
Which of the following statements about vision is false?
a Each side of the brain receives visual information from part of the retina in both eyes. b The CNS modulates vision by controlling the amount and focus of light that strikes the retina. *c Visual processing occurs within the dorsal and ventral streams, which perform similar higher-order processes.* d Feedforward visual information is unmatched by other senses, but feedback information is relatively slow.
Which of the following statements about vision is false?
a Focal and ambient vision are processed in different neural streams, but both are used in motor planning. *b Optical flow uses focal visual processes to provide information on the relative location and motion of objects.* c Tau refers to the rate change of the size of an object's image projected on the retina and is used in interceptive tasks. d Visual search uses eye movements to shift focal vision to different features in the surrounding environment.
Which of the follow statements regarding vestibular receptors is false?
*a Vestibular receptors are exteroreceptors that contribute to spatial orientation.* b Vestibular receptors detect linear and angular acceleration of the head. c Vestibular receptors detect fluid movement in the labyrinths of the inner ear. d Vestibular receptors interact with neck proprioceptors to help maintain balance.
