Chapter 4 History test

Sam Adams

-Founder of the sons of liberty -Started the Committee of Correspondence to stir up public support for American Independence

Battle of trenton

-Its Christmas and George Washington crosses the Delaware River -George Washington wins this battle

Civilians at War

-Women run the homes and businesses while the men fight in war -Women going with the troops to cook, wash, and take care of the health -Some of the women fight -AA slaves escape

Advantages of Continental Army

1) French was on their side 2) Guerilla Warfare

Disadvantages of Continental Army

1) They didn't have a lot of men 2) Disease like Smallpox spread

Battle of Lexington

1st battle outside of Concord, british attempted to capture weapons and patriot leaders Adams and Hancock, start of revolutionary war.

French and Indian War

4th war fought between Great Britain and France for control of North America

Saratoga

A battle that took place in New York where the Continental Army defeated the British.

Son of liberty

A radical political organization formed after the passage of the Stamp Act to protest various British acts

1st Continental Congress

Act as one if something happens. If one colony is attacked, then it's an attack on all.

John Locke

English philosopher, that said people have natural rights to life, liberty, and property. He influenced the deceleration of Independence.

Victory at Yorktown

French Americans attach British at Yorktown

Battle of Bunker Hill

Gage sent out nearly 2400 British Troops. They marched up the hill in their heavy gear. Colonists held fire until last minute. The colonists lost 450 men. British suffered over 1000 casualties. Deadliest battle of the war

Friedrich Von Steuben

He was a Prussian captain that came to assist Washington in Valley forge.

Minutemen

Patriot civilian soldiers just before and during the Revolutionary War, pledged to be ready to fight at a minute's notice.

Crispus Attack

The African-Native American man who was the first man to die in the Boston Massacre, also considered the first death in the Revolutionary War

Battle of Concord

The British leave Lexington and head to Concord to take the weapons and gunpowder from the colonists. The British were burning the town when the colonists began firing on soldiers.

Yorktown

The last major battle. The French helped, but it ended with the colonists winning.

Financing the War

To get money, Congress sell bonds to investors Print paper money, which causes inflation

Stamp Act

a 1765 law in which Parliament established the first direct taxation of goods and services within the British colonies in North America.

Boston massacre

a clash between British soldiers and Boston colonists in 1770, in which five of the colonists were killed.

Thomas Jefferson

a delegate from Virginia at the Second Continental Congress and wrote the Declaration of Independence

Olive Branch Petition

a document sent by the Second Continental Congress to King George III, proposing a reconciliation between the colonies and Britain.

Common Sense

a pamphlet by Thomas Paine, published in 1776, that called for separation of the colonies from Britain.

Townshend Act

a series of laws enacted by Parliament in 1767, establishing indirect taxes on goods imported from Britain by the British colonies in North America.

Intolerable Acts

a series of laws enacted by Parliament in 1774 to punish Massachusetts colonists for the Boston Tea Party a. Close the Boston Harbor b. Quartering Acts (Housing and feeding soldiers) c. Martial Law (Military takes control of the whole city) d. New royal Governor

inflation

an increase in prices or decline in purchasing power caused by an increase in the supply of money.

Proclamation of 1763

an order in which Britain prohibited its American colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains.

Marquis de Lafayette

aristocrat, joins George Washington at Valley Forge -lobbies for French troops, 1779

Patriots

colonists who supported American independence from Britain.

Loyalists

colonists who supported the British government during the American Revolution.

King George III

king during the American Revolution who was unfair towards American colonists

committees of correspondence

one of the groups set up by American colonists to exchange information about British threats to their liberties

Martial Law

temporary rule by military rather than civilian authority

Second Continental Congress

the Continental Congress that convened in May 1775, approved the Declaration of Independence, and served as the only agency of national government during the Revolutionary War.

egalitarianism

the belief that all people should have equal political, economic, social, and civil rights.

Declaration of Independence

the document, written by Thomas Jefferson in 1776, in which the delegates of the Continental Congress declared the colonies' independence from Britain.

Boston Tea Party

the dumping of 18,000 pounds of tea into Boston Harbor by colonists in 1773 to protest the Tea Act.

profiteering

the selling of goods in short supply at inflated prices.

Valley Forge

the site where George Washington and his troops endured a harsh winter without proper food, shelter, or clothing

Treaty of Paris

the treaty that ended the Revolutionary War, confirming the independence of the United States and setting the boundaries of the new nation.

Spain and France

what countries helped the colonists

50%

what percent of the population were patriots