Chapter 4 Mastering A & P

Keratinocytes and melanocytes Collagen and elastin Adipocytes Lamellar Corpuscle Dermal papillae Eccrine sweat gland Arrector pilli muscle Sebaceous gland Hair follicle, root, receptor

(in order from left side top to bottom - right side top to bottom)

Epidermis Papillary Dermis Hair Reticular dermis Sweat gland Sebaceous gland hair follicle

(in order from top to bottom)

Papillary Layer

Fingerprints, superficial layer of dermis, pain receptors, touch receptors, loose areolar connective tissue

What is the function of epidermal dendritic cells?

Ingest foreign substances and activate the immune system

Cutan-

Means "skin"

What structures are located in the epidermis?

Merkel cells or discs

What type of membrane is composed of epithelium resting on the lamina propria, a loose connective tissue membrane?

Mucous Membrane

Which cavity would be lined with a mucous membrane?

Oral Cavity

What is the function of the keratin found within skin cells?

Prevents water loss

Under which of the following conditions would a decubitus ulcer form?

Prolonged bed rest after a severe back injury

Reticular Layer

Role in body temperature homeostasis, sweat glands, hair follicles, lamellar corpuscles, dense irregular connective tissue

What type of burn does a patient have if blisters are present and the affected area is painful?

Second degree

Dermis

Sensation. thermoregulation, elasticity, excretion

What type of membrane lines the compartments of the ventral body cavity and produces a lubricant that allows organs to move against neighboring organs without friction?

Serous membrane

What type of membrane provides lubrication to the pleural, pericardial, and peritoneal cavities?

Serous membrane

What type of tissue makes up the epidermis of the skin?

Stratified squamous epithelium

What epidermal layer consists of multiple layers of living keratinocytes and scattered dendritic cells?

Stratum Spinosum

What type of burn damages the skin so severely that regeneration of the damaged tissue is NOT possible?

Third degree burn

How is the rule of nines used by a clinician?

To estimate fluid lost by the body by determining the extent of burns

Which important metabolic compound is produced by skin cells?

Vitamin D

Epidermis

Water resistance, water retention, pigmentation, vitamin D synthesis

melan-

means "black"

Derm-

means "pertaining to skin"

-crine

means "to secrete"

Hypodermis

Fat storage, insulation, connect skin with body

Which of the following conditions is most likely to result in permanent hair loss?

A family history of baldness

What pigment found in skin originates from outside the body?

Carotene

What causes hair to stand up and the skin to dimple when one is cold or frightened?

Contraction of arrector pili muscles

Which glands play a role in thermoregulation?

Eccrine glands