Chapter 4

What helps a woman adjust to motherhood

Good-quality prenatal care, educational preparation for childbirth and parenting, a successful labor and delivery, and a supportive family

Early bonding and attachment helps what 2 things

Neurological and early brain growth

The baby may avy how after birth?

wide awake ready to suck on the mother's nipple, Tiny fingers may grasp a parent's finger.

What helps postpardem depression?

(Epperson, as hormonal levels and body shape return to their prepregnancy states, energy level increases as does confidence in mothering.

At what age do firstborns start using comfrontaltional strategies again? Why?

8 months, the bbay is more mobile and responsive

Vernix is what after birth

Absorbed into skin

What behavior comtinues wven after the younger sibling was 4 months old

Anxious

The more competent a man is in the mariatal relationship the

Better he adapts to parenthood

Marital satisfaction declines for who?

Both men ans women

kangaroo care helps increase the success of these 4 things

Breastfeeding, normalize growth, weight gain, mother-infant bonding

Developmentally supportive care significantly improves a)short term outcome b) long term outcome c) both short and long term outcomes of a fragile baby

C) Both short and long term

If morhers do not feel an immediate connection with theur infant they may feel

Confused or guilty

Attachment

Connection between infant and parent

The children and parents bond does what over time

Deepens

Care that reflects the strong bond between infants and their families (the bond developed before the baby was born) and how the family is critical to the well being of the infant.

Developmental care

Bonding begins when?

During pregnancy

New parents normally have questions about theur babies what behaviors?

Eating and crying

Whatnis a strong factor of how actively a man participates as a father

Economics

Newborns head may be ____ from the pressure of the birth cavity

Elongated

Bonding

Establishment of a complex psychobiological connection describing the parents feelings of commitment and closeness to the infant.

Baby blues

Feeling overwhelmed, exhausted or irritable for about 2 weeks

What causes mood swings

Fluctuations in hormone levels

By what month do most of the dispalys of intimaidation or confrontation disappear?

Fourth

Siblings that have what in common typically experince more jealousy?

Gender

Firstborns spent much time doinf this, did their age effect this?

Get their mothers full attention, no age did not change this

vernix.

Greasy cheesy white substance that a newborn may be covered in that is produced by the babys oil glands and protects the skin from thr amniotic fluid

kangaroo care

Holding an infant wearing only a diaper in skin to skin contact with a parent

Whag makes postpardem depression worse?

Hormonal changes, medications, fatigue and loss of stamina, preexisting anxieties exasperated by infant care responsibilities, unresolved emotional conflicts, lack of support from the father or other family members, and economic or work-related issues are some of the possible contributors to postpartum depression.

temperature, heart rate, breathing

Kangaroo care helps premature infants regulate these 3 things

The most studied element of teansition into fatherhood for a man is

Marital satisfaction

St times what may be the best guide to reaponding to an infants need

Maternal instinct

Lanugo

Peach fuzz hair that may cover the body

What are critical ingredients for the newborn's optimal adjustment.

Prenatal care, a normal labor and delivery process, warm and positive interaction with parents, and care from the medical profession

2-3

Preterm infants are given kangaroo care for __________ hours one early infancy

What helps give siblings positive interactions ar a young age?

Talking about the new babies needs, explaining the infants behaviors, and pointing out the babys intrest in the older sibling

Lanugo siasspesrs after

The first few weeks

attachment is expressed most clearly during

The latter months of the first year of the child's life

Grandparents often view a granchild as a sign of

Them getting older

Developmental care

Type of neonatal intensive care that involves concern for not only the infants medical needs and the emotional well being of both the infant and the family

postpartum depression

a period of depression that affects most mothers for a few days and in some cases for weeks and months after childbirth

postpartum psychosis

a psychological condition associated with severe depression following childbirth in which there is a loss of insight, good judgment, and coping strength; sometimes there is a loss of touch with reality (danger to herself and others (including thr baby) this is a psychiatric emergency and hospitalization/ medical attention are required.

During the first four months after the birth of a brother or sister, the firstborns engaged in such behaviors as

baby talk, using baby table manners, demanding a bottle or pacifier, and regressing in toileting behaviors. acting-out behaviors included verbal and physical confrontations with the parents, infant, and even inanimate objects. At times, the firstborn children were whiny, withdrawn, and clingy and had a need for a security blanket or toy.

the infant must adjust to

breathing independently; take an active role in the feeding process; adapt to variable room temperatures; become efficient in the use of all of the senses begin self-discovery and learning.

sets the stage for long-term healthy emotional, social, and cognitive outcomes.

early brain growth and neurological development,

A mother and father may be tired because of

caring for a newborn who needs to be fed every few hours around the clock

Chemical changes in the brain cause postpardem depression symptoms of

emotionality, sleep, and eating disturbances and altered energy levels

Men commonly experience these feelings as they transition into fatherhood

intense labile experiences of self-esteem and self-concept, anxiety, apprehension, hostility, confusion, alienation, depression, pleasure, depth of affection, fulfillment, wonder, exhilaration and engrossment

perinatal maternal depression can predict these things for the baby

less optimal mother-child interactions and infant insecure attachment as well as negative effects on the development of the infant's stress systems and ability to regulate emotions

What do grandparents often struggle with?

many prospective parents today attend childbirth classes, they have up-to-date information. times, this may contradict some of the ideas about parenting held by grandparents. Grandparents may feel unsure about what they should do. This insecurity may be viewed as a lack of interest in the grandchild or the new parents. In addition, some grandparents find it difficult to allow their children to become parents. they feel a need to stay in control rather than allowing their child to take charge of his or her new family.

Aunts and Uncles may experience this

may feel jealous at all the attention the new parents are receiving. old feelings of rivalry can surface and persist even when the sibling becomes a parent

New mothers often feel

overwhelmed, tired, depressed.

Mosthers might not feel an immediate connection with their baby becauee of

recovering from pregnancy and birth, turning their thoughts and emotions from inward concerns (characteristic of pregnancy) to an outward focus on their infant's needs.

Why do many men want to become fathers according to research?

sense of increased status, pleasure from interacting with children and a belief that a father's attention benefits children, leaving behind a legacy, and making marital, family, and in-law relationships stronger

What personal characteristics can effect paternal incolvement

the father's relationship with his own father, whether he models after his father or compensates for his father's failings; satisfaction with marital decision making and general marital satisfaction, sharing of employment and parenting responsibilities, and beliefs about fatherhood.

Bonding is most profound when?

the first few moments of a newborns life (esp. when the newborn is placed into the arms of eager and emotionally ready parents and as the infant is introduced to their lives in the early days/weeks)

A significant change in the parenting experience for mothers is that

there has been a steep rise in babies born outside of marriage (1970:11% 2012:41%)

paternal involvement

three elements: engagement (e.g., time in caregiving and play), accessibility (availability time) and responsibility (e.g., making decisions for the child)