Chapter 44 - Assisting in Clinical Laboratory Review

Section 1 on all safety data sheets is required to have which of the following? A. Identification B. Hazard(s) identification C. First aid measures D. Physical and chemical properties E. All of the above

A. Identification

Which of the following requires the laboratory employer to have a written exposure control plan to protect the lab's employees? A. OSHA's Bloodborne Pathogens Standard B. CDC's universal precautions C. CDC's standard precautions D. OSHA's SDS standard

A. OSHA's Bloodborne Pathogens Standard

A portion of a well-mixed sample that is removed for testing is called a(n): A. aliquot. B. analyte. C. diluent. D. exudate.

A. aliquot.

The microscope component that directs the light up through the stage is the: A. condenser. B. iris diaphragm. C. ocular. D. magnification system.

A. condenser.

Categories of tests performed in the clinical laboratory are assigned by the FDA on the basis of the: A. potential risk to public health. B. expense to the patient. C. ease of performance. D. instrumentation and supplies needed.

A. potential risk to public health.

A chemical added to a blood sample after collection to prevent clotting is called a(n) __________.

Anticoagulant

Incubators used in the microbiology laboratory generally maintain a constant temperature of: A. 90° to 94° F. B. 95° to 98.6° F. C. 99° to 104° F. D. 104.4° to 110° F.

B. 95° to 98.6° F

Which of the following is a qualitative laboratory test result? A. RBCs: 6,000,000/mm3 B. Fecal occult blood test: positive C. Hematocrit: 45% D. A and C

B. Fecal occult blood test: positive

Which of the following is the most effective means of preventing infection and is the single most effective way of preventing the spread of all infections? A. Use of PPE B. Hand hygiene C. Safe needle practices D. Respiratory hygiene

B. Hand hygiene

Which of the following is not a responsibility of the medical assistant in the clinical laboratory? A. Providing proper patient preparation B. Interpreting abnormal results and providing patients with diagnoses C. Developing a knowledge of the normal ranges of results D. Obtaining and labeling specimens

B. Interpreting abnormal results and providing patients with diagnoses

Which type of laboratory would perform sensitivity testing on organisms to determine the proper antibiotic therapy? A. Chemistry lab B. Microbiology lab C. Hematology lab D. All of the above

B. Microbiology lab

Which type of specimen must be chilled if testing will not be performed immediately? A. Blood B. Urine C. Semen D. All of the above

B. Urine

Which of the following is the most efficient method of preventing the spread of infection in a laboratory? A. Using a sterile container for sharps B. Washing your hands C. Using sterile cups in urine collection D.Cleaning with a chemical disinfectant

B. Washing your hands

Specimen labels should include all of the following except: A. patient's full name. B. patient's date of birth or unique identifier. C. date and time of collection. D. type of specimen.

B. patient's date of birth or unique identifier.

In the identification system of the National Fire Protection Association, the white diamond indicates __________ of the chemical. A. the flammability B. special hazards C. the reactivity or stability D. the health hazard

B. special hazards

The pledge of healthcare professionals to work to achieve the highest degree of excellence in the care given to every patient is otherwise known as: A. chain of custody. B.quality assurance C. quality control. D. incident reporting.

B.quality assurance

The act passed by Congress to establish quality standards for all laboratory testing is referred to as: A. FDA. B. CDC. C CLIA. D. MSDS.

C CLIA.

The ocular of the microscope generally magnifies the image: A. 2 times. B. 5 times. C. 10 times. D. minimally.

C. 10 times

Which of the following is not a waived test? A. Dipstick urinalysis B. Fecal occult blood C. Gram staining D. Spun microhematocrit

C. Gram staining

__________ is the study of bacteria, fungi, yeasts, parasites, and viruses. A. Chemistry B. Histology C. Microbiology D. Hematology

C. Microbiology

The bottom diamond (white) of the national fire protection association identification system indicates which of the following? A. Flammability B. Health hazard C. Special hazard information D. Reactivity or stability hazard

C. Special hazard information

Balancing a centrifuge requires that all tubes in the load: A. have an equal amount of liquid of the same viscosity. B. are of equal size and shape. C. have a partner directly across in the rotor holder. D. All of the above

C. have a partner directly across in the rotor holder.

A term used to describe a blood sample in which the red blood cells have ruptured is: A. hematoma. B. preservatives. C. hemolyzed. D. teratogen.

C. hemolyzed.

A test may be used for testing patients when a series of control results show test A. precision. B. accuracy. C. reliability. D. None of the above

C. reliability.

Aerosolization in a centrifuge can be prevented by ensuring that: A. the tubes have an equal amount of fluid. B.the atmosphere has 5% carbon dioxide. C. the tubes are tightly capped. D. rubber cups are in the bottom of the carriers.

C. the tubes are tightly capped.

The stepwise method used to collect, process, and test a specimen that will be used as evidence in a legal case is called the __________.

Chain of custody

What power lens objective is used with a special oil that is placed directly on the slide? A. 4× B. 10× C. 40 or 45× D. 100×

D. 100x

Laboratory tests performed in a physician's office are most likely to be categorized as: A. waived. B. moderate complexity. C. high complexity. D. A and B

D. A and B

A centrifuge is used to separate: A. solids from liquids. B. blood cells from serum or plasma. C. crystals from urine. D. All of the above

D. All The Above

In a physician's office laboratory, which of the following is (are) the most common hazardous chemical(s)? A. Sodium hypochlorite B. Caviwipes and glutaraldehyde C. Acetone and dyes D. All of the above

D. All of the above

The clinical chemistry department performs which of the following tests? A. Presence of ketones in urine B. Cell morphology C. Blood cell count D. Lipid profile

D. Lipid profile

A blood culture and sensitivity (C&S) test is most likely to be performed in which division of the clinical laboratory? A. Urinalysis B. Chemistry C. Hematology D. Microbiology

D. Microbiology

Chemical analysis of urine is looking for which of the following? A. Crystals B. Yeasts C. Parasites D. Nitrites

D. Nitrites

Decreased hemoglobin levels are seen in which of the following illnesses? A. Iron-deficiency anemia B. Hyperthyroidism C. Cirrhosis of the liver D. A and C E. All of the above

E. All The Above

The most common specimens collected include: A. blood and urine. B. swab samples from wounds or mucous membranes. C. feces or gastric content. D. tissue samples. E. Both A and B

E. Both A and B

__________ on swabs, tubes, transport media, and other collection containers should be checked before these items are used.

Expiration Dates

__________ are fluids that have escaped from blood vessels and have been deposited in surrounding tissues.

Exudates

A screening test is performed to help diagnose a specific health problem in the patient. (true/false)

False

For qualitative tests, a numeric value is attached to the result that specifically states the amount of analyte in a given volume of specimen. (true/false)

False

Medical assistants are trained to perform high-complexity tests in the physician's office. (true/False)

False

The metric system is based on a decimal system in which a combination of basic units and prefixes indicates a system of division in multiples of 100. (true/false)

False

The military clock time of 1735 hours corresponds to 5:35 AM on the Greenwich clock. (True/False)

False

__________ is the single most important means of preventing the spread of infection.

Hand Washing

__________ encompasses a comprehensive set of policies and procedures developed to ensure the reliability of laboratory results.

QA: Quality Assurance

The objective of __________ in the medical laboratory is to ensure the accuracy and reliability of test results.

QC Quality Control

An order found on a laboratory requisition that indicates the test must be done immediately is __________.

STAT

A centrifuge load always contains an even number of tubes. (True/False)

True

A decrease in hemoglobin levels in red blood cells (RBCs) is seen in iron-deficiency anemia. (true/false)

True

A fecal occult blood test is an example of a qualitative screening test. (true/false)

True

For a quantitative test, the result is expressed numerically. (True / False)

True

If chemicals are splashed into the eyes, the eyes should be flushed with water from an eyewash station for at least 15 minutes. (true/false)

True

Immersion oil prevents refraction of the light and improves the resolution of the magnified image. (true/false)

True

Laboratories that perform moderate- to high-complexity tests must undergo an unannounced inspection every 2 years. (true/False)

True

Microbiology specimens must be collected in sterile containers. (true/false)

True

Patient samples are tested in the medical laboratory to determine whether test results are within a certain reference range. (true/false)

True

Physical hazards in the laboratory can be classified as electrical, fire, or mechanical. (True/False)

True

The gram is the unit of mass in the metric system. (True/False)

True

The longer the objective of the microscope, the greater the magnification of the lens. (True/False)

True

The most effective means of preventing infection is the repeated, thorough hand washing or sanitation of the hands. (True/False)

True

The shortest objective lens on the microscope has the lowest power (4×) and is called the scanning lens. (true/false)

True

__________ is the physical, chemical, and microscopic examination of urine.

Urinalysis

The __________ is the substance tested for or analyzed in a specimen.

analyte

The clinical __________ department analyzes blood, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), urine, and joint fluid.

chemistry

The microscopic analysis of cells is the science of __________.

cytology

Specimens collected in the ambulatory care setting frequently are sent to a(n) __________ for analysis.

referral laboratory

Chain of custody procedures are extremely important when specimens are collected and handled for drug and alcohol testing. (true/false)

true