Chapter 5

domain

A Windows __________________ enables single sign-on

Web server

A computer that stores and shares the files that make up Web sites.

Frame

A data unit transferred across a network. Frames consist of several parts, such as the sending and receiving MAC addresses, the data being sent, and the frame check sequence.

Star Bus

A hybrid network topology where the computers all connect to a central bus—a switch—but otherwise take the form of a star topology.

Hybrid

A network topology that combines features from multiple other topologies, such as the star-bus topology

Broadcast

A network transmissions addressed for every node on the network.

Network Technology

A practical application of a topology and other critical standards to provide a method to get data from one computer to another on a network. It defines many aspects of a network, from the topology, to the frame type, to the cabling and connectors used.

RJ-45

A typical CAT 6 cable uses which connector? A. RJ-11 B. RJ-45 C. Plenum D. PVC

wide area network (WAN)

A widespread group of computers connected using long-distance technologies.

media access control (MAC) adress

All NICs have a unique identifier called a(n) __________________.

Shielded Twisted Pair (STP)

Cabling for networks, composed of pairs of wires twisted around each other at specific intervals. Twists serve to reduce interference (also called crosstalk)—the more twists, the less interference. Cable has metallic shielding to protect the wires from external interference.

Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)

Communication protocols developed by the U.S. Department of Defense to enable dissimilar computers to share information over a network.

Client

Computer program that uses the services of another computer program. Also, software that extracts information from a server; your auto-dial phone is a client, and the phone company is its server. also, a machine that accesses shares resources on a server.

Server

Computer that shares its resources, such as printers and files, with other computers on a network. Example: network file system server that shares its disk space with a workstation that does not have a disk drive of its own.

Resource

Data and services of a PC.

Router

Device connecting separate networks; forwards a packet from one network to another based on the network address for the protocol being used. For example, an IP router looks only at the IP network number. Routers operate at Layer 3 (Network) of the OSI seven-layer model.

Switch

Device that filters and forwards traffic based on some criteria. A bridge and a router are both examples of switches.

Hub

Electronic device that sits at the center of a star topology network, providing a common point for the connection of network devices. Hubs repeat all information out to all ports and have been replaced by switches, although the term is still commonly used.

10BaseT

Ethernet LAN designed to run UTP cabling. This runs at 10 megabits per second. The maximum length for the cabling between the NIC and the hub (or switch, repeater, etc.) is 100 meters. It uses baseband signaling. No industry standard spelling exists.

RJ-45

Ethernet cables typically use a(n) __________________ connector.

100BaseT

Ethernet cabling system designed to run at 100 megabits per second on twisted pair cabling. It uses base band signaling.

Network Interface Controller (NIC)

Expansion card or motherboard interface that enables a PC to connect to a network via a network cable. A wireless NIC enables connection via radio waves rather than a physical cable.

1000BaseT

Gigabit Ethernet on UTP.

Local Area network (LAN)

Group of PCs connected via cabling, radio, or infrared that use this connectivity to share resources such as printers and mass storage.

Domain

Groupings of users, computers, or networks. In Microsoft networking, a domain is a group of computers and users that share a common account database and a common security policy. On the Internet, a domain is a group of computers that share a common element in their hierarchical name. Other types of domains exist—e.g., broadcast domain, etc.

C. 48

How many bits are in a MAC address? A. 24 B. 36 C. 48 D. 64

Default Gateway

In a TCP/IP network, the nearest router to a particular host. This router's IP address is part of the necessary TCP/IP configuration for communicating with multiple networks using IP.

C. Web browsers

Internet Explorer, Mozilla Firefox, and Google Chrome are all examples of what? A. Web servers B. DNS C. Web browsers D. IP addresses

switch

Most Ethernet networks have a central box called a(n) __________________.

Ethernet

Name coined by Xerox for the first standard of network cabling and protocols. Based on a bus topology.

Mesh

Network topology where each computer has a dedicated line to every other computer, most often used in wireless networks.

Ring

Network topology where the computers form a circle and all data flows in one direction only.

Star

Network topology where the computers on the network connect to a central wiring point, usually called a hub.

Network ID

Number that identifies the network on which a device or machine exists. This number exists in both IP and IPX protocol suites.

IP address

Numeric address of a computer connected to the Internet. An IPv4 address is made up of four octets of 8-bit binary numbers translated into their shorthand numeric values. An IPv6 address is 128 bits long. The IP address can be broken down into a network ID and a host ID. Also called Internet address.

Bandwidth

Piece of the spectrum occupied by some form of signal such as television, voice or fax data. Signals require a certain size and location of it to be transmitted. Because it is a limited space, when one user is occupying it, others must wait their turn. It is also the capacity of a network to transmit a given amount of data during a given period.

unshielded twisted pair (UTP)

Popular type of cabling for telephone and networks, composed of pairs of wires twisted around each other at specific intervals. The twists serve to reduce interference (also called crosstalk). The more twists, the less interference. Unlike its cousin, STP, UTP cable has no metallic shielding to protect the wires from external interference. 1000BaseT uses UTP, as do many other networking technologies. UTP is available in a variety of grades, called categories,

Web browser

Program designed to retrieve, interpret, and display Web pages.

RJ-11

RJ-11 is a connector for four-wire UTP; usually found in telephone connections.

RJ-45

RJ-45 is a connector for eight-wire UTP; usually found in network connections.

wide area network (WAN)

Routers enable multiple LANs to connect into a(n) __________________.

Network Protocol

Software that takes the incoming data received by the network card, keeps it organized, sends it to the application that needs it, and then takes outgoing data from the application and hands it to the NIC to be sent out over the network.

Domain Name Service (DNS)

TCP/IP name resolution system that translates a host name into an IP address.

NetBIOS Extended User Interface (NetBEUI)

The default networking protocol for early versions of Windows.

Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC)

Very accurate mathematical method used to check for errors in long streams of transmitted data. Before data is sent, the main computer uses the data to calculate a CRC value from the data's contents. If the receiver calculates from the received data a different value, the data was corrupted during transmission and is re-sent. Ethernet packets use the CRC algorithm in FCS portion of the frame.

subnet mask

The __________________ tells the computer which part of its IP address is the network ID.

100BaseT

The __________________ version of Ethernet runs at 100 Mbps.

Segment

The connection between a computer and a switch.

star bus

The most common Ethernet topology is __________________.

IP adress

The numbers 192.168.5.36 are an example of a(n) __________________.

topology

The way computers connect to each other in a network.

HomeGroup

Windows 7 feature that connects a group of computers using a common password—no special user names required. Each computer can be a member of only one homegroup at a time. Homegroups enable simple sharing of documents and printers between computers

Media Access Control (MAC)

Unique 48-bit address assigned to each network card. IEEE assigns blocks of possible addresses to various NIC manufacturers to help ensure that the address is always unique. The Data Link layer of the OSI model uses MAC addresses for locating machines.

subnet mask

Value used in TCP/IP settings to divide the IP address of a host into its component parts: network ID and host ID.

A. Frames

What do you call the discrete "chunks" of data that networks transmit? A. Frames B. Stacks C. LANs D. Workgroups

C. Server

What is a remote computer providing resources called? A. Web browser B. DNS C. Server D. Router

B. CAT 5

What is the minimum CAT level cable required for a 100BaseT network? A. CAT 1 B. CAT 5 C. CAT 5e D. CAT 6

C. Bandwidth

What is the total amount of data that a network can handle called? A. Protocol B. Broadcast C. Bandwidth D. Client

Broadcast

What kind of frame gets received by all NICs in a LAN? A. Ethernet B. Broadcast C. WAN D. DNS

C. Windows 7

Which OS enables you to implement HomeGroup? A. Mac OS X B. Windows XP C. Windows 7 D. Windows Server

B. A subnet mask

Which of the following does 255.255.255.0 most probably represent? A. An IP address B. A subnet mask C. A default gateway D. A DNS address

Single sign on

Which of the following is an advantage of a domain-based network over a workgroup-based network? A. Ease of administration B. Cheaper C. Single sign-on D. Faster to implement

D. Star bus

Which of the following is an example of a hybrid topology? A. Bus B. Ring C. Star D. Star bus

B. Workgroup

Which of the following is the default network organization for a new Windows installation? A. LAN B. Workgroup C. Domain D. HomeGroup

A. DNS

Which protocol enables the use of names such as www.totalsem.com rather than IP addresses? A. DNS B. MAC C. IP D. TCP

Better to avoid interference

Why would you use STP over UTP cabling? A. Cheaper B. Easier to install C. Better to avoid interference D. They're interchangeable terms

homegroup

Windows 7 enables sharing of libraries using __________________.

T568A

Wiring standard for Ethernet cable.

T568B

Wiring standard for Ethernet cable.

Bus

a topology, where all computers connect to the network via a main line called a bus cable. not fault tolerant.