Chapter 5: Law Enforcement Today
U.S. Secret Service
A federal law enforcement organization with the primary responsibility of protecting the president, the president's family, the vice president, and other important political figures.
Patronage System
A form of corruption in which the political party in power hires and promotes police officers and receives job-related favors in return.
Affirmative Action
A hiring or promotion policy favoring those groups, such as women, African-Americans, and Latinos, who have suffered from discrimination in the past for continue to suffer from discrimination.
Sexual-harassment
A repeated pattern of unwelcome sexual advances and or obscene remarks. Under certain circumstances, sexual harassment is illegal and can be the basis for a civil lawsuit.
Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA)
The federal agency responsible for enforcing the nation's laws and regulations regarding narcotics and other controlled substances.
US customs and border protection (CBP)
The federal agency responsible for protecting US borders and facilitating legal trade and travel across those borders.
US immigration and customs enforcement (ICE)
The federal agency that enforces the nations immigration and customs law.
Identify the differences between the police academy and field training is going to is for recruits.
The police academy is a controlled environment where police recruits learn the basics of policing from instructors and classrooms. In contrast, field training takes place in the real world: the recruit goes on patrol with an experienced police officer.
Field Training
The segment of a police recruits training in which he or she is removed from the classroom place on the beat, under the supervision of a senior officer.
infrastructure
The services and facilities that support the day-to-day needs of smart modern life, such as electricity, food, transportation, and water.
Secondary policing
The situation in which a police officer except off-duty employment from private company or government agency.
Double marginality
The situation in which minority law enforcement officers face suspicion both from their flight colleagues in for members of minority communities which they belong.
Fusion Center
A collaborative effort between two or more agencies to prevent and respond to criminal in terrorist activities.
Professional Model
A style of policing advocated by August Vollmer and O.W. Wilson that emphasizes centralized police organizations, increased use of technology, and the use of regulations and guidelines to limit police discretion.
intelligence-led policing
An approach that measures the risk of criminal behavior associated with certain individuals or locations so as to predict when and where such a criminal behavior is most likely to occur in the future.
Night Watch System
An early form of American law enforcement in which volunteers patrolled their community from dusk to dawn to keep the peace.
Discrimination
Be illegal use of characteristics such as gender or race by employers when making hiring or promotion decisions.
Militarism
Do use of military training, tactics, and weaponry and policing.
Tell her the patronage system affected policing
During the political area of policing (1840-1930), bribes paid by citizens and business owners often went into the coffers of the local political party. This was known as the patronage system.
Probationary period
If period of time at the beginning of a police officer's career during which she or he may be fired without cause.
Describe some of the benefits that female police officers bring to law-enforcement.
In addition to possessing bravery and physical prowess, female police officer seem to put citizens at ease and are therefore often more effective during service calls. Police women are also more likely to use verbal skills rather than force one place in situations of potential violence. As a result, they are much less likely than male officers to be disciplined for use of excessive force.
Analyze the importance of private security today.
In the United States, businesses and citizen spend billions of dollars each year on private security. Increased crime in the workplace, along with concerns about terrorism, a few of the growth and spending on private security.
Explain how intelligence lead policing works and how it benefits modern police departments.
Intelligence led policing uses past crime patterns to predict when and where crime will occur in the future. In theory, intelligence led policing allows police administrators to use fewer resources because it allows them to focus their attention on hotspots.
Coroner
Medical examiner of the county, usually elected by popular vote.
Visa
Official authorization allowing a person to travel to and within the issuing country.
Identify the main advantage of a racially and ethnically diverse police force.
Particularly in communities that are themselves racially and ethnically diverse, police officers were members of minority groups are often able to communicate more easily with citizens. Their higher credibility and enables the officers to do a better job of maintaining order, as well as solving and preventing crimes
Summarize the duties of the FBI
The FBI has jurisdiction to investigate hundreds of federal crimes, including white collar crime, kidnapping, bank robbery, and civil rights violations. FBI is also heavily involved in combating terrorism and drug trafficking operation in the United States and around the world. Finally, the agency provided support to state and local law-enforcement agencies through his crime laboratories and data bases.
Federal Bureau of investigation (FBI)
The branch of the department of justice responsible for investigating violations of federal law.
Human trafficking
The practice of illegally transporting a person from one country to another for the purpose of forced labor or sexual exploitation.
Sheriff
The primary law-enforcement officer in a county, usually elected to the post by popular vote.
recruitment
The process by which law-enforcement agencies develop a pool of qualified applicants from which to select new employees.
Private security
The provision of policing services by private companies or individuals.
Indicate some of the most important law-enforcement agencies under the control of the department of homeland security.
US customs and border protection, which polices the flow of goods and people across US and international borders and oversees the US border patrol; US immigration and customs enforcement, which investigates and enforces our nations immigration and customs laws; and the US Secret Service, which protects high-ranking federal government officials and federal property.
List the four basic responsibilities of the police
enforce laws, provide services, prevent crime, preserve the peace
