Chapter 5 Lipids
Choose a function of fat tissue 1. protect organs from injury 2. important for producing energy during anaerobic glycolysis 3.helps to build and repair tissue 4.aides in fluid balance
1.
Why is LDL considered "bad" cholesterol ?
1. If not cleared from the bloodstream, LDL cholesterol builds up in the blood vessels 2. Buildup of the LDL in blood vessels contributes to the atherosclerosis, a process that increases the risk of developing cardiovascular disease
The Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range set by the Food and Nutrition Board for lipids is _______% to _______% of Kilocalories?
20% to 35%
What is the Acceptable Macronutient distribution range for lipids according to the food and nutrition board?
20-35% of total calories
What are some warning signs of a heart attack?
dizziness short of break chest pain jaw, neck, shoulder pain
Which of the following are the functions of phosholipds in the body?
formation of cell membranes digestion of fats absorption and transfport of nutrients
What are the values for HDL and total cholesterol, respectively, that serve as risk factors for development of cardiovasular disease
less than 40mg/dL greater than 200 mg/dL in fasting state
Which is the leading source of fat in the Mediterranean diet?
olive oil
What chemical feature of sterols distinguishes them from the other classes of lipids?
the multi-ring structure
Which of the following is the bodys most effecient form of stored energy?
triglycerides
Triglycerides are used as the primary energy source by muscles_________
while at rest and during light activity
An omega-3 fatty acid is____
unsaturated
Fatty acids containing carbon-carbon double bonds are considered _____ fatty acids?
unsaturated
What are some examples of food would you recommend to a heart patient or client with cardiovascular disease who is currently consuming the average North American diet
-baked sweet potatoes -whole grains -walnuts -salmon,tuna,mackerel
The American Heart Association recommends consuming 2 or more servings of fatty fish each week because fish_____
-rich in omega 3 fatty acids -valuable source of protein and trace elements that provide protective effects for the cardiovascular system
Lipoproteins lipase breaks down triglycerides in the_____
Bloodstream
Why are the chemical structures of trans and saturated fatty acids similar?
Both have a straight shape
True or false: Most americans need to drastically cut the amount of fat they consume each day?
False
What enzyme breaks down triglycerides into fatty free acids and glycerol in the bloodstream?
Lipoprotein lipase
What enzyme breaks down triglycerides into free fatty acids and glycerol in the blood stream?
Lipoprotein lipase
_____ of the fatty acids in butter are saturated
Most
Alpa-linolenic acid is_____
Omega-3 fatty acid
Reduced triglycerides, reduced blood clotting, and reduced pain from rheumatiod arthitis ar4e benefits associated with intake of ________
Omega-3 fatty acids
What is one of the most important functions of the phospholipid molecule?
Phospholipids help form cell membranes
True or false: Linoleic acid is an essential omega-6 fatty acid
True
A compound containing a multi-ring structure and a hydroxyl group is a _______
Sterol
To protect cardiovascular health, major health authorities recommend limiting intakes of _________ and ______
Trans fatty acids & saturated fatty acids
