Chapter 5 Post-Test Part 2

This person was a supporter of nonviolent protest as outlined in their "Letter From a Birmingham Jail."

Martin Luther King Jr.

Which group formally received the right to vote in 1924?

Native Americans

One of the key early sparks of the mid-twentieth century civil rights movement happened when ________ refused to give up a seat on a bus to a white person.

Rosa Parks

What did the "separate but equal" doctrine do?

permitted a system of segregated social facilities

The idea by which some people have justified discrimination on the grounds that some people should be denied equal rights for their own good is known as what?

protectionism

Order these three judicial "tests" from most likely to permit to discrimination to least likely to permit discrimination:

rational basis, intermediate scrutiny, strict scrutiny

NAACP litigation leading up to Brown v. Board of Education challenged and weakened the __________ doctrine.

separate but equal

As a condition of admitting California to the United States as a free state, representatives from southern states demanded Congress pass what law?

the Fugitive Slave Act

Why was the Brown v. Board of Education case filed?

to challenge the separate but equal doctrine

When comparing wealth levels of white Americans and black and Hispanic Americans,

white households on average have far more wealth than minority households.

In _________________, the Supreme Court ruled that homosexual behavior was not protected by the Constitution, but overruled this decision nearly 20 years later.

Bowers v. Hardwick

What act prevented Chinese immigrants already in the United States from becoming citizens and halted almost all immigration from China?

Chinese Exclusion Act

Under the strict scrutiny standard, a law that discriminates based on race must be shown to serve some _____ in order to be upheld.

compelling state interest

Laws mandating that students of different races had to attend different schools is an example of what kind of segregation?

de jure

Some civil liberties are rooted in the ___________ clause of the Fourteenth Amendment; the grounding for civil rights is found in the ______________ clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.

due process, equal protection