Chapter 5 Quiz
What should be changed to make the following sentence true? "Fluid intelligence is characterized as acquired knowledge and the ability to retrieve it."
The word "Fluid" should be changed to the word "Crystallized."
Knowing what a rainbow looks like because you have seen a rainbow is an example of a ________ concept.
natural
The average score on an IQ test is 100. In modern IQ testing, one standard deviation is 15 points. Someone with an IQ of 115 would be described as________.
one standard deviation above the mean
A(an) ________ is a basic sound unit of a given language.
phoneme
Anwar dresses for a cold fall day and steps outside to find it sunny and hot. He goes back inside to change out of his sweater and jeans into a shirt and shorts. Anwar is demonstrating the ________ intelligence component of the triarchic theory of intelligence.
practical
Children who live in poverty perform worse on intelligence tests because they________.
experience more pervasive daily stress, which affects how the brain functions and develops, thus causing a dip in IQ scores
Natural concepts are mental groupings created naturally through our ________.
experiences
Which concept is a type of mental set where you cannot perceive an object being used for something other than what it was designed for?
functional fixedness
Knowing what a dinosaur is because you looked through a book with pictures of dinosaurs and watched the film Jurassic Park is an example of a natural concept that was developed through ________ experience.
indirect
Which term describes a communication system that uses systematic rules to organize words to transmit information from one individual to another?
language
At what age can babies only discriminate among those phonemes that are used in the language(s) in their environments?
12 months old
Which researchers suggested that language determines thought?
Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf
What was the most controversial claim in Arthur Jensen's article, "How Much Can We Boost I.Q. and Achievement?"
Level II intelligence is most prevalent among Asians, followed by Caucasians, then African Americans.
Why are event schemata difficult to change? They are ________.
automatic
________ encompasses the processes associated with perception, knowledge, problem solving, judgment, language, and memory.
cognition
________intelligence is marked by inventing or imagining a solution to a problem or situation.
creative
A(an) ________ is a mental construct consisting of a cluster or collection of related concepts.
schema
The analytical intelligence component of the triarchic theory of intelligence is demonstrated by the ability to ________.
analyze, evaluate, judge, compare, and contrast
Illnesses such as diabetes and stomach cancer kill more than twice the number of Americans than murder or car accidents. However, Zale sees car accidents as more dangerous because he often hears about car accident fatalities on the nightly news, and he doesn't know anyone with diabetes or stomach cancer. Therefore, Zale takes more precautions against car accidents. This exemplifies ________.
availability heuristic
After the first few months of life, babies enter what is known as the ________ stage, during which time they tend to produce single syllables, such as buh-buh, that are repeated over and over.
babbling
