Pharmacology Chapter Questions 5,6 ,7

. How many milligrams of acyclovir should be given with the first dose?

375 mg

Order: "delavirdine 400 mg three times a day." The patient has HIV infection. Supplied: delavirdine 200-mg tablets. 1. How many tablets will the patient need for a 10-day supply?

60 tablets

Order: "acyclovir 5 mg/kg intravenous every 8 hours." The patient weighs 165 lb. 1. How many kilograms does the patient weigh?

75 kg

A patient who is taking isoniazid is complaining of numbness and tingling in his hands and feet. What is the best response of the nurse?

"I will call the prescriber and ask for a vitamin B6 supplement."

Which response is the best response from the nurse when a patient taking first-line TB drugs complains of red staining of the skin, urine, and tears?

"This is a common reaction to the rifampin and is nothing to worry about."

A patient is applying penciclovir every 2 hours for an outbreak of herpes and complains that her skin has become quite red. What should the nurse tell her?

"This is a normal reaction to the drug and will not harm you."

A patient taking antiretroviral therapy complains of abdominal pain and vomiting, especially after eating. Which statement made by the nurse is correct?

"You will need to see the healthcare provider today."

The order reads: "gentamycin 5mg/kg IM." The patient weighs 176 lbs. Gentamycin is supplied as 40mg/ml. How many milliliters of drug should the patient receive?

176 lb ¸ 2.2 kg/lb = 80 kg (convert weight in lb to kg) 80 kg ´ 5 mg/kg = 400 mg (calculate mg of drug needed for patient weight) 400 mg ¸ 40 mg/mL = 10 mL * (convert dose in mg to mL)

Which adverse reactions can occur if tetracycline is given to a pregnant and or breast feeding woman? (Select all that apply.)

Inadequate tooth development in the fetus Permanent skeletal damage in the fetus Permanent tooth discoloration in the child

A patient who was infected with TB 15 years ago but never developed the disease is now being treated for rheumatoid arthritis. The patient recently developed a cough and night sweats and tested positive for TB. Which of the following types of infection does the patient have?

Active infection

The patient receiving antibiotics for 3 days reports a skin rash over the chest, back, and arms. What is the nurse's first action?

Ask the patient whether the rash itches, burns, or causes other types of discomfort.

Which symptoms should the nurse monitor for when giving sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim to a patient who is taking a sulfonylurea for diabetes type 2?

Irritability and sweating

A patient is prescribed metronidazole for giardiasis. Which instruction is most important for the nurse to reinforce?

Do not drink alcohol or use products that contain alcohol.

The nurse is caring for a 24-year-old pregnant patient who tested positive for HIV. She states she is 4 months pregnant and is afraid to take any medications. Which statement is best for the nurse to say?

Most HIV medicines are safe to use during pregnancy and don't increase the risk of birth defects.

Which categories of drugs are considered as part of combination antiretroviral therapy (ART)? (Select all that apply.)

NNRTIs PIs Entry inhibitors Post-attachment inhibitors Fusion inhibitors

A child with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is prescribed ribavirin (Virazole). What route should the nurse use when giving this medication?

Oxygen tent

Which breakfast menu should not be given to a patient who is prescribed fluconazole?

Pancakes with maple syrup, coffee, and grapefruit juice

The nurse caring for an influenza patient in the hospital is taking griseofulvin for athlete's foot and is filling out the dinner menu for the next day. Which choice would the nurse recommend?

Pork, French fries, green beans, and whole milk

Which drug should the nurse question the healthcare provider about for a patient who is receiving voriconazole for a fungal infection?

Prednisone 10 mg orally every day.

Which method is best for the nurse to instruct a patient with forgetfulness to adhere to first-line drug therapy for tuberculosis?

Setting up the patient's drugs using a daily pill dispenser that has alarms to remind the patient it's time to take a drug

The nurse is taking care of a patient who is receiving amphotericin B for a pulmonary fungal infection. He develops a purple skin rash, headache, muscle aches, and a worsening fever. Which is the first action of the nurse?

Stop the infusion immediately

Which condition indicates that the patient has a disruption of normal flora from antibiotic therapy?

Superinfection

Which of the following foods should be avoided by persons taking ART?

Sushi

What instruction should the nurse give to a patient with oral thrush who is prescribed nystatin suspension?

Swish the drug around the mouth and hold it there for a few minutes before swallowing

A patient calls the clinic and states that her right arm below the elbow is reddened and painful since being prescribed ciprofloxacin (Cipro) for a urinary tract infection. What is your best action?

Tell the patient to stop taking the drug for now and that you will notify the healthcare provider for further instructions.

A patient who has tested positive for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is reported to have increased fatigue, an oral temperature of 100.6°F, and a nonproductive cough. The patient's CD4 count is 177 cells/mcL. How should the nurse interpret these findings?

The patient is diagnosed with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).

A patient has been given a prescription for doxycycline (Vibramycin). Which patient teaching points are important to tell the patient about doxycycline? (Select all that apply.)

This drug should be taken 1 h before or 2 h after a meal. Doxycycline should not be taken with dairy products to avoid absorption issues. Wear protective clothing and sunscreen while on Doxycycline or a severe sunburn can result.

A patient calls the clinic and states that she has 4 loose stools a day since she started taking her prescription of penicillin 2 days ago. What is the best response of the nurse?

This is a common side effect of penicillin caused by killing off some of the normal intestinal flora

The patient has been prescribed vancomycin and is also receiving gentamycin. Which assessment status is most important when monitoring this patient?

Urine output

Which precautions are important to teach a woman using a vaginal cream form of an antifungal drug? (Select all that apply.)

Wash the applicator with soap and water. Avoid sexual intercourse during the treatment period. The cream can make holes in a condom or diaphragm

Which foods would the nurse recommend to prevent a superinfection such as C-diff from occurring when taking an antibiotic? (Select all that apply.)

Yogurt Miso Kimchi

Which drug should the nurse question if prescribed for a patient with a true milk allergy?

acyclovir

Which drugs are taken only by people who are HIV-negative? (Select all that apply.)

tenofovir 300 mg/emtricitabine 300 mg

Which drug should the nurse question if prescribed for a patient with asthma?

zanamivir